No. 56. DECEMBER, 1927. VOL. XVII.

FIAT LUX.

NOTICES

    The next number of The Pharos will appear about 31st March. Contributions must be submitted to the Editor not later than 1st March.
    We acknowledge with thanks Ruym (Ramsgate County School), The Ashfordian, The Langtonian, The Harveian, The Anchor (Gillingham County School), The Magazine of the County School for Girls, Dover.
    Copies of the current issue of The Pharos or of back numbers which are in stock may be obtained from the Editor, price 9d.
    The Editor would be glad to have the names and addresses of Old Pharosians and others who would like to receive copies. The Pharos is now issued free to all members of the Old Boys' Association.

HEAD MASTER'S NOTES.

Spring Term, 1928.-The Spring Term will commence on Thursday, 12th January, and end on Wednesday, 4th April, 1928. Holders of season tickets are asked to see that their railway passes are made out to cover both these dates.

Staff.-At the end of term we are saying good-bye and Godspeed to Mr. Halestrap, whose enthusiastic thoroughness in mathematical teaching will long be remembered with gratitude.
We have already offered him our hearty congratulations upon his promotion to a Headship, and our sincerest good wishes for health and strength now go with him and Mrs. Halestrap to Clips ton, Northamptonshire. They are undertaking pioneer work in a modernised school with an ancient foundation, and there can be little doubt that, while the old traditions are maintained, the new developments will enrich its history and enhance its reputation.
I shared with Mr. H. W. Stokes his disappointment that for reasons of health he could not enter the Administrative Colonial Service of East Africa, but we were glad to welcome him on the Staff as a prospective schoolmaster. This term's work has, I hope, been of as much advantage to him as it has been convenient to the School, and we congratulate him upon his appointment as Assistant Master at Sutton Court en ay School, Berkshire-his first official step upon, we hope, a long and successful career.
Oxford University has again honoured us by inviting our co-operation in providing a term of continuous practical experience for an Oxford Graduate, Mr. S. C. Evernden. of University College. We shall welcome him in every department of School life. both in and out of the classroom, and hope that his experience with us will redound to his and our credit.

Prize Distribution.-\Ve can never be sufficiently grateful to those who. year by year. provide the Prize-Giving entertainment.
The danger is that we may too easily take for granted the long and careful preparation by the boys, under those members of the Staff who annually undertake it. Most sincerely do we offer our warmest thanks to Miss Rookwood, Mr. Watt and Mr.
Willis, the Dramatic Society and the School Choir, for the continued excellence of the items for which they were severally responsible. The Junior School play was probably the best.
ever presented, and it had this additional interest. that it had been dramatised by the producer. The musical item was a finished performance, from memory, of a" difficult work, and the " Fantasio " of Trist, the strongest member of the cast, revealed possession of dramatic talent rarely displayed by an amateur.
May the same keen interest and well-merited applause from a crowded house reward the efforts of the performers and producers when the cc show " (somewhat amplified) is repeated, on 4th February, in aid of the Kent Playing Fields Association Fund.

Playing Fields.-We are now in full possession of playing pitches at Astor Avenue, at Longhill, and frequently at the Danes, and I am glad to see the increased keenness and improved form in outdoor sports. Other less fortunate boys may be seen playing in the streets and by the roadside. Playing in these places is an offence, and the school playgrounds are closed after school hours. What then are we going to do to secure for others some of the advantages we so richly enjoy? We are making an organised effort on 4th February to assist the Kent Playing Fields Association in raising £25,000. I make no .apology for calling special attention to this. Thousands of Kent -children have no facilities whatever for playing our great team .games under proper conditions. With the utmost confidence, therefore, I appeal to the Staff, the Parents, Boys and friends ()f the ~chool to advertise our concert, to purchase and sell tickets. The to,?sin sounds: "Play up and play the game! " help Kent to pay for the games of Kent children.

Organ Fund.-The Organ Fund has received additional subscriptions from two Old Boys, Mr. N. Godfrey and Mr. L. R.
Phillips, to whom we tender our grateful thanks. But I feel there are many Old Boys, new Boys, and old friends who ha~ not yet contributed. The amount invested exceeds. £500, but twice that sum will be needed if an adequate instrument is to be erected in the hall of the new School. And now that our more immediate needs of a gramophone, wireless set, piano, playing fields, etc., have been met, I hope we may for the next two or three years concentrate upon the Organ Fund. Will those who are so disposed, kindly assist as their circumstiUlces permit?

American Sale.-On behalf of the School I desire to express our sincerest thanks to all those who in any way contributed to the great success and the encouraging enthusiasm of the recent American Sale, whereby a profit of no less than £58 was realised within the hour. It was an example of American hustle, and beat all records for speed in raising money. Never before h3$ the School Hall enjoyed the happy commotion of a Chicago market or a New York stock exchange! The Sixth Form and the Old Boys cc beat the band" as salesmen, advertising goods publicly with raucous voice; other vendors stole quietly through the crowds offering their wares with persuasive meekness and becoming modesty. Socially, the affair was equally delightful.
A word of especial praise is due to the originator of the idea, and the mainspring of the effort, Miss Rookwood, whose careful attention to detail, unflagging devotion and ready tact, created .an atmosphere of goodwill which made the Sale not only a  financial success but also a happy family function. The American Sale Committee has decided upon the expenditure of the proceeds as follows :-£36 for the piano, £11 for gramophone records, and £II for Junior School Library,

Reading.-I wish to call especial attention to the facilities which are afforded by the Students' Section of the County Library, to boys and girls who have left School but wish to continue the deflnite, study of some special subject. The Library is housed at " Springtield," J\laidstone, under the carE' of J\Iiss A. S. Cooke, the I":'.E.c. Librarian. A carefully indexed catalogue is ayailablc, large additions are being made to the Librarv each month, and a keen administratiye staff ensures prompt delivery. Boys and girls are cordially im'ited to take ad,'antage of the additional educational opportunities thus provided.
\Ve are continual1~' adding to our own stock of books at the School, but many necessary \'olumes are much too expensive for us to purchase. Haying no Free Library in the to\\'n; it is the more urgent that the abow' information shoulel be widely known, If a boy has learnt to love books, to desire information, and to know li;)w to get it, he is educated in a far truer sense than if he leaves school, after passing with credit the most difficult examination, without the desire to read. J\Ianv influences tend in these days to discourage the habit of readillg and the wider distribution of books. The position is becoming so increasingly acute that a National Book Council was formed about two years ago, the objects of which are the promotion of reading and the possession of books, Eeference to this has been made at the Parents' Association General Meeting, and at the Prize-Giving, for the purpose of stimulating our interest in the important subject of reading, and impressing upon the consciousness of all the' fact that books are not simply luxuries, nor a mere diversion. but an essential equipment for life, that admits of no substitute. The School will be pleased to giye the necessary support when Old Bo,'s desire to borrmv books from the Countv LibralT. Applications," indicating clearly the titles and author~ of bool~s required, should be sent to Mr. E. Froude at the School, with ZL stamped em'elope addressed to the Librarian, County Library. " Springfield," l\Iaidstone, and it will be helpful for the applicant to add the ~'ear in which he left the School.
    Practical Instruction.—No excuse is needed for this reference to the proposed scheme of Practical Instruction in the School for the year which begins in September, 1928.
    We already provide for the boy of the literary or scientific turn of mind, and the suggestion now is the provision of a curriculum for those who are of a practical turn. Some there are who demonstrably do not possess linguistic ability. They may not be so educable on academic lines, but may readily respond to training of a mare practical nature. Boys are not dull because they are practical rather than studious. It may be we have taught the same subjects to the academic and the practical boy too long. We must now provide such variations as will meet the needs of both types, and the University Examining Bodies are moving in the same direction with regard to School Examination requirements. The new department, therefore, will be a widening of the scope of the School's activities in view of the industrial developments of East Kent, and there does not appear to be any reason why same day an advanced Commercial Department should not be provided for boys who wish to make their mark in the administrative work of the larger trading firms.
    This extensian af aur curriculum, its financial implicatians;
the methad and age af selectian far this" Engineering side," will nat be easy, but with gaadwill and respect far the apinians af athers, I am canfident we shall succeed.
Jttnior School Dinner Boys.-We shall all appreciate the forthcaming arrangements for the amusement, and mare profitable emplayment af aur Juniar Dinner Bays durIng the interval between the end af dinner and the begInning af afternaan schaal.
I am naw able to. provide same forty valumes of Christmas numbers and Boys' Annuals as an apen-shelf library-as well as six manthly and weekly periadicals far bays and, in additian, to. furnish the Juniar Schaal Hall with table games such as.
daminaes, draughts and chess. I nate with pleasure the welcame to. these propasals fram the members af the Juniar Schaal Staff, withaut whase ca-aperatian the experiment wauld hardly be passible.
A Christmas Message to. all Bays-Past and Present. It isvery easy just to. say again: " A ~erry Christmas and a Happy New Year" ; but with this age-Iang greeting yau all knaw that I assaciate happiest remembrances af days gane by, and a deep' interest in all that cancerns yaur welfare---:naw and always. .
F.W.

PARENTS' ASSOCIATION.

    The Read Master's" At Rame" and the Annual General Meeting, postpaned from the 19th to. the 26th of October, brought together a large number af Parents..
A unique feature af the meeting was an election far Cammittee men by ballat, which resulted in the Rev. A. T. Slater, Mr. Martin, Mr. Abbatt and Mr. Slatar being elected. We extend to. them a hearty welcame. We tender aur thanks to.
the retiring members, Mr. Sanders and Mr. Rarris, for their services to. the Assaciatian. '
    Another Speech Day haS passed, and we believe the Dean was impressed by the work of the School. We appreciate the reference made, in the Head Master's report, to the work of the Association. In passing we would like to congratulate the recipients of the prizes.
The Executive Committee extend to all Parents and Staff, ~tings and best wisheS for the New Year, and hope that 1928 may bring about the laying of the long-looked-for stone that will, with others, lay the foundation of a school well worthy <>f those it will house. May I take this opportunity to thank the Parents for the confidence placed in me by electing me as their. Secretary and, at the same time, ask for. their support at ()ur social events? .
I shall be glad to receive the names of Parents who are desirous of becoming members of the Association.
F.L.

OLD BOYS' ASSOCIATION.

    The Dance arranged by the Assodation on 22nd October was well attended and gave an encouraging start to the season's programme.
The Old Boys were responsible for a stall in connection with the American Sale on 29th October, by means of which a contribution of £6 10S. was made towards the day's total of £58.
Thanks are due to those members of the Committee who worked so hard on that occasion.
The Staff Dance, on 26th November, was an outstandingly successful function. The date was a fairly clear one so far as <>ther local events were concerned, and the attendance of Old Boys and Old Girls, with their friends, was very marked. We appreciate the co-operation of the Staff in connection with Association affairs, and were glad on this occasion to realise that.
<>ur members, given the opportunity, showed no hesitation in .reciptOcating.
The Annual Dinner, which was unfortunately postponed from J:9th November to 3rd December, proved an undoubted success from a soci~ standpoint, though, numerically, it again left something to be desired. If a school can be judged by its Old Boys' Association, we hope we do ours credit, but We nave not yet arrived at the stage when we should wish our Association to be judged by the popularity of the Annual Dinner. The Committee have yet to find a solution to the problem.
Looking ahead, we naturally give first mention to the ReUnion, on 27th December. Coming, as it does, on a Bank Holiday, we a!!ticipate an ahhost unprecedented gathering. It.
would make m,atters easier for the secretary if those intending to be present will apply for tickets at once, and thus avoid work and confusion over the Christmas period.
. . RA.C.

AMERICAN SALE.

    To some of our readers the-words" American Sale" will recall a packed hall and an attempt-successful or otherwiseto secure a certain desfrable bargain. To many it will be remembered as a happy Inter-House contest, in which all the points were added together! To others. it stands out as a jolly family party attended by fathers and mothers, boys and girls, in holiday spirits.
As Hon. Secretary, 29th October will always be associated for me with the most successful co-operative effort in which I, as a member of the staff, have assisted. It was a privilege to act as Secretary when I had-as I knew I had-the unanimous support of Head, Staff, Parents, Boys, Old Boys and a host of outside friends and well-wishers.
The" House Stall" idea proved very popular, and gave scope for tasteful displays and decorations, which, however, were put in the shade when the Old Boys erected their banner.
Who the benevolent old. gentleman was, we did not find out, nor could we trace hiS Admission Number, but it was a delightful portrait and made us all hope that" Forty Years On" would find us as sprightly. .
The gifts-nearly 800 in all-were of the most bewildering variety-from an adorable puppy to a hot-water bottle; from a live rabbit to a dead chicken; from football shorts to a string of onions! And one stall boasted tiny paper knives with" Fiat Lux" carved in fret-work, and the daintiest ribbon bookmarkers on which also the motto was painted. Boys' work both l The tea arrangements were in such capable and good-natured hands that although everyone was well supplied, a substantial!
profit was made. As to the' dance-well, if the floor were a bit crowded no one minded. The happy truth of the" Froth Blowers' Anthem" was proved indeed.
The Sale resulted in. a balance of £58 13S., with which a serviceable piano has been bought, the remainder being divided between the needs of the gramophone and the library.
May I take this opportunity of offering my grateful thanks to all-house-masters, decorators, donors, buyers, tea-makers, waitresses, cashiers, wrappers-up, dancers and merry-makerswho by their kindly goodwill and generous co-operation made our" American Sale" so conspicuous a success.

O.M.R.

SPEECH DAY, 1927.

    As soon as it became known that so prominent a figure in public life as the Dean of St. Paul's was to present the prizes this year, expectations began to be formed that a large crowd would attend the Town Hall to welcome him. These were realised, for seldom, if ever, have more people been present at .our annual School Festival than filled the Connaught Hall on I8th November.

Canon Elnor took the chair, and expressed the pleasure felt by all present at having the Dean with us, concluding with a brief reference to the satisfac~ory progress being made on the new School site.

The Head Master, reading his report on "the year in which the School and its Head Master came of age:' was able to announce a new record in school numbers, examination results at least equal to any of those of past years, and increased keenness for sports and games-this last resulting in an unusually dose competition for the House Challenge Shield. The continued success of all activities in and connected with School was reported, with, however, a note of regret that the Savings Association had not been better supported. The announcement .of many successes achieved by the Old Boys at home and abroad was received with applause, and one may hope that the appeal to the Old Boys to attend the Annual Dinner will achieve its purpose.
With great regret and sympathy, the Head Master referred to the losses sustained by the death of Mr. G. D. Thomas, of George Quinlan, and of Gordon Evans.
A forecast followed of a coming change in the School curriculum, whereby more practical instruction may be provided for the less academically-minded boys, and the report concluded with an expression of thanks to all who had contributed, during the year, to the success and progress of the School.
Dean Inge having presented the prizes and other awards, a vote of thanks to him was proposed by the Mayor of Dover, seconded by Alderman Sellens, and enthusiastically carried.
The Dean, replying to the vote of thanks, said that, though unable to announce himself as a native of Kent, he could claim that his wife had spent her life in the county and, if ill its products were up to that sample, Kent must be the best county in England. It had, up to the nineteenth century, been famous for the production of famous men, and all were hoping that Dover County School would rectify the modern falling-off in this particular.
It was of great interest, continued the speaker, to anyone brought up in a great English Public School to note how. the new County Schools were endeavouring to assimilate the best features of the older educational systems. Particularly were ideals of fair play and team play being formed to carry on the highest ideals of English education. His listeners were urged to realise the importance of humanism in education, and to accept. the fact that humanism no longer bore the ancient significance by which it was understood to mean classical studies alone. The staple of English education ought to be in the masterpieces .of our own literature, but science must not be omitted, and specialisation should not begin too young. The importance. of <:haracter training must be recognised, and those being now trained in school must be prepared to acknowledge and ready to repay, in peace or in war, the debt they owe to their country.
The speech concluded on a characteristic note, by reminding the audience that Eng:km.d no longer holds the privileged position she occupied during the nineteenth century, and that those who value the future of their country must determine to lead honourable, strenuous and -unselfish lives in her service.
The concert programme which followed consisted of two plays-" The Pied Piper," by the Junior School, and" Fantasio " by the Seniors~and a rendering of a portion of " The Banner of St. George:' by the School ~hoir. All the items were well produced and well received. As they will be repeated as part of the programme of a School Concert to be given on 4th February, in aid of the Kent Playing Fields Association, a more detailed account may be fittingly reserved for that occasion.
W.H.D.

—:—

PRIZE LIST.

~atentst Bsl3ocfatfon ~tf3el3.

I11I1IOR GOOD PBLLOWIBIP PRIZ&.
F. J. Rhodes

IIBRIT OARD PRlZBI.
R. A. Crofts (Senior School) G. E. Fox (Senior School) R. W. Milne (Junior School)

GEOGRAPHY PRIZE AJIT PRIZE. L. J. Goodburn C. G. Jarrett

SPEOIAL DDEAYOUR PRlZBI.
E. C. V. G. Wraight (Senior School) W. L. Wells (Senior School) R. E. Rowe (Senior School) A. D. Miller .(Junior School)

Special I)tf3CS.

MAYOR'S GOOD I'BLLOWIBIP PRIZE.
D. G. A. Sanders

TII8 OLATWO8IIIY UTIlI PiaUI..
Senior-C. G. Jarrett junior~P. A. Castle

TB. T1JDBLL IOITOBY PIIIZB8.
Senior-I. J. Betts junior--5. E. Teasdale

BIAD IIAI'DB'I PRIZB. OLD BOY.' OADIT PBIZI. .
C. G. Jarrett G. S. Peyton

. 8...0. IOBOOL ITArr PRIZB. ronoB IOBOOt ITArr PBlZL G. E. Fagg R. A. Brown

,orm ~rf3eS.

8eDlor Sehool-

F- VI. Am. E. L.Trist S. J. Mummery J. F. Relf .. VI. Science. W. V. Carpenter L. I. Hadlow A. H. Cooke R. A. Newing

.. V. joint .
Board F. H. Peters .K. W. Donald. C. A. Mercer M. Castle .. V. Oxford Local C. J. Harley .. IVa. .. R. A. Crofts F. J. Goodridge E. H. B. Martil1 E. W. J. Moseling .. IVb. . . S. H. A1,1derson C. H. B. Foad .. I Vc. .. G. E. Whittingstall .. IlIa. .. W. M. E. White W. F. Kemp S. T. Claw D. E. Sharpe .. IlIb. .. G. S. Foad V. F. West .. lIIc. . . C. W. Darke .. lIa. . . G. E. Fox B. V. Gutsell F. L. W. Eade .. lIb. .. J. F. Coulter .. lIx. .. L. W. Goodfellow W. J. Chadwick

Junior Sehool-

Form la. .. R. W. Milne J. Vosper L. H. R. Abbott .. lb. .. R. J. Harvie R. F. Johnson H. R. Hutley .. Upper Transition F.. A. Cockfield R. G. L. Bowles .. Lower Transition R. H. Amold P. E. Coles .. Preparatory. A. H. Goodbun N. N. Blaxland

~resentation aUpS.
TUnBLL JIJUIORIAL SPORTS' CUP. CADET CORPS slano. CUP.
A. C. Qulnlan Section 2--;-Sgt. Saunders.

.. YIm'OB LUDO.VII" TROPHY (jmeuted, I/J Old 80,,' AIaoeIa&Ion).
C. J. Harley

.. HO.BIIT IUlllDBR" TBOPBY
(....", ., .... B88i18r, IL8,. .. III ....... ").
C. R. Harrow

HOUS. OBALUBO. IIUBLD. . The" Maxton" House.

(House Masttw~Mr. J. Tomlinson)

(House Captai_A. C. Quin1a.n)

'fR. .. WOOD" OVP.
(IDaIJpnl ~""") C. J. Harley

. ~C.~...

W.T.TomN~n -

SCHOOL FOOTBALL.

    Our School Elevens have felt decidedly more comfortable this season than in the past few years. Every match, so far, has been a good fight, and "shooting-in" has, we hope, dis.ap~ared altogether from First Eleven matches. Even Margate College, formerly almost a. criterion of . School Soccer, we can now meet without dismay. The weather alone has pJ.ayed badly.
A notable feature of the play this year has been' a pleasing .absence of football selfishn~. What goaJs we, have scored have been almost entirely the resul~Of combined movement, rather than individual brilliance.
The First Elev.en forwards can afford to develop this combination still further. Pott has pl&ved a valoab1e addition to the team, and, though young, is ac<ijrlring the ability to distribute the ball. But there is still need for faster and surer swinging in the forward line. The halves are to be congratulated Qn their capacity for work, but they have room to develop the -certainty in " tackling" which their positions call for. Our bfl.cks understand each other and work well with the $oal-keeper:
They must be careful, however, to prevent" balloooing," which tends to confuse t):le forwards. The" star" of the team is 1Uldoubtedly Stanway : not many schools can boast of so reliable a goalie.
The Second Team, though less stabl~, has yet been more successful. This is due in the main to the steadiness of the defence, special credit being due to Masters and Taylor. The forwards have taken time to settle down, but individual talent is not lacking, and we look to some of the cleverest members to fill vacancies in next year's First Eleven.
We sent an Under 15 team to Folkestone, and were pleased with their victory over Ash Eton School. It is hoped that before long a system of regular matches for this team can be organised / in order to develop still further the talents of the Lower School.

- J. J. BETTS.

Results of Matches.

1st XI.

Oct. I-At Guston. D.C.S., I ; D.Y.R.M.S., 4.
...S-At Ramsgate. D.C.S., I ; Chatham House School, 3.
.. Is-At Canterbury. D.C.S., 6; Simon Langton's School, 2.
Nov. S-At Astor Avenue. D.C.S., 3; Chatham House School, o.
.. 26--At Astor Avenue. D.C.S., 2; Margate College, 7.
.. 3o--At Astor Avenue. D.C.S.,- 4 ; Simon Langt;n's School, I.
Dec. 7-At Astor Avenue. D.C.S., 3; Harvey Grammar School, o.

2nd XI.

Oct. I-At Longhill. D.C.S., 11 ; D.Y.R.M.S., 3.
.. S-At Ramsgate. D.G.S., 3; Chatham House School, 3.
.. Is-At Canterbury. D.C.S., 10; Simon'Langton's School, 2.
Nov. S-At Longhill. D.C.S., I ; Chatham House School, 4.
.. 26--At Longhill. D.C.S., 6; Margate College, 3.
..' 3o--At Longhill. D.C.S., 9; Simon Langton's School,S.
Dec. 7-At Folkestone. D,C.S., 9; Harvey Grammar School, 2.

Under 15 XI.

Oct. Is-At Folkestone. D.eS., 4; Ash Eton School, I.

CRICKET.
The Old Boys' Match.

    This annual event took place at Longhill, on 27th July, 1927. The day was fine, but the pitch sodden. The Old Boys, who fielded a strong team, were quickly dismissed, due chiefly to the tricky state of the wicket. . When in a position to win, the School, however, collapsed, and fi:qally lost by 14 runs. '

OLD BoYS, SS (Wilson, 10; Farley, 4 for 8 ; Taylor, 4 for 14.) SCHQOL,'4I (Stanway, IS; Hannan, 11 ; Stokes, 7 for 32; Muttett, 3 for 8.~,

SPORTS ACCOUNT.

RECEIPTS. EXPENDITURE.
£ S. d. £ s. d.
Subscriptions- Teas to Visiting Teams 8 2 2 2S/7/27.. " 8 10 0 Sheppard .. .. 3 9 0 S/IO/27 .. . . 34 S 0 Dovorian Coaching Co. 22 14 0 19/11/27 .. . . 11 IS 0 Grigg and Son, Ltd. .. 20 3 5 Special Subscription for Subscriptions to Royal Teas to Visitors.. 9 11 6 Life Saving Society O.B.A., and extra sales (1926-7-8) .. . . I I 0 of Pharos. . . . ,4 IS 8 Thomas . . . . 0 I 0 Sale of Fixture Cards I 17 6 Hams. . , . . . 0 8 6 Parents' Association (for Bath Attendants. . 0 7 (:} Printing) . . . . 0 10 6 Gunn. . . . . . I 6 4Cash at Bank, 13/7/27 6 0 2 Secretary's A/c. . . 0 3 0 Cash in hand, 13/7/27 2 18 4 Dawson . . .. 0 18 6Bus Fares.. . . I 11 0 Wood, for Trophies,. I 11 6Lewis and Sons , . 0 12 6Sheppard . . " . 0 3 0 Cash in hand, 7/12/27 12 14 6Cash at Bank; 7/12/27 4 16 9

£80 3 8 £80 3 8

W. WILTON BAXTER, Audited and found correct, Hon, Treasurer.
W. H. DARBY, 7/12/27.

1st CADET COY. C.P. (F.) R.E.

    Owing to the rapidity with which it now gets dark, and the claims of other School organisations, the activities of the Corps have necessarily been somewhat restricted. Three Company Parades, however, were held early in the tenn, and at all of them-the last especially-the attendances were distinctly good.
As there has only b~en one half-holiday when there was no football, we have had only one field day, but this was a very enjoyable one. A definite tactical problem was set the attacking force, who, after a sharp and exciting engagement, succeeded in attaining their object.
The fortnightly Musketry Parades, at the RE. Drill Hall, Northampton Street, have been fairly well attended. The competition for the Company Shooting Cup was keen, and we heartily congratulate No. 24, Sjt. Smith, on his success. At present a spoon shoot is being fired off on alternate Wednesdays.
On 22nd September, those members of the Cor-ps who attended camp celebrated the' promised holiday and, through the kindness of Major Mowll, paid a most interesting visit to Hawkinge Aerodrome. The Band proved beyond doubt, on this occasion, that it has lost none of its past skill, which mayor may not be musical, according to the point of view.
    Again through the courtesy of Major Mowll, some seventy -cadets and n.c.o.'s attended a lantern lecture on " Broadcasting," at the Drill Hall, on 22nd November.
The Training Section has started its second year in convincing fashion. By half-term it numbered 25 young cadets, of whom quite a score have pestered the Quartermaster for uniform -with more or less success. We were unfortunate to lose so valuable -an n.c.o. as No. 141 Sjt. Sergeant, just when he had , set the Training Section so successfully in motion. Our good wishes go with him. The following are also to be congra:tulated on their promotion :-No. 108 CpI. Donald, to Serjeant ; No. 206 Cadet Stanway to Lce.-Corporal.
e.G.].

1st CADET COY. C.P. (F.) R.E.
BALANCE SHEET, Autumn Term, 1927.

RECEIPTS. EXPENDITURE.
£ s. d. £ s. d.
Balance brought forward 2 6 9 Messrs. Grigg, Ltd. . . 0 8 0 Balance from Camp A/c. 5 II 8 East Kent Bus Co. . . 7 12 6 Sale of Uniform . . 3 6 3 Messrs. Potter and Co. I 5 9 Hire of Uniform.. I 15 0 Messrs. Hobson and Co. 2 19 0 Paymaster, Eastern Com- Manuals...... 0 ~ 7 6 mand . . . . 3 16 8 Postage, etc. . . . . 0 3 6 Fares-Hawkinge ...3 0 0 Balance in hand . . 7 0 I

£19 16 4 il916 4

W. E. PEARCE, At4dited and fO1l.nd cot't'~ct, 5th Decembet', 1927.
W. WILTON BAXTER.

HOUSE NOTES.
Maxton House.

    We have had the pleasure this term of seeing the HoUse (:hallenge Shield return to' Maxton, after a stay of seven years with the Country House. This is a happy change, and speaks ' well for the healthy competition which at present animates the whole of School Sports. We convey our. thanks to Quinlan, Barley, Peyton, and the. rest of the 1926 sportsmen who led US in the struggle for top place.
But we must not be content with our laurels. Maxton remains the" baby'" House, so far as numbers and weight. are oeoncerned. We have fallen into the rut of relying upon a few exceptional athletes in. the House. Yet the loss of these exceptional members is perhaps a l>lessing in disguise ; for at last it is beginning to be realised, as it has long been realised among the Light Blues, that the efforts of younger members of the House are as important as those of Sixth Formers.
The 1St XI. football team has worked really hard, generally against decidedly superior teams. The victory over the Greens and the draw with Buckland were most encouraging. . I cannot, however, speak as highly of the 2nd XI. A few players, notably Profitt and Salmon, have skill, but as yet there has been insufficient competition for doubtful places in the team.
The Reds must remember that in a small House such as Maxton, widespread enthusiasm alone will keep us ahead. But if the taste for hard work which now characterises some dozen individuals, spreads to the House as a whole, we shall have no reason whatever to fear the increased competition which next Summer Term will no doubt bring. .

].].B.

—:—

Town House.

    Never, perhaps, has the Town House been so high up in the competition for the House Shield as last year, when we missed first place by 6 runs. Much of this success waS due to our late captain, D. G. A. Sanders. I am sure the whole House will be . with me in wishing him every success in his new sphere at Cambridge.
We have come through this football season; so far, much more successfully than last year. . The 1st XI. have beaten Maxton twice with fair ease, and Buckland once after a hard game, but have lost both times to Country. The 2nd XI. have fared much the same-'---they have twice lost rather heavily to Country, but have won all their other matches by good margins.
CQIlsiderlng the comparative youthfulness of the team, these results are very good. At present we occupy second place in the football table, with 12 points-which compares very favour.
ably with our total of 4 points for the whole season last year.
Up to the time 'of writing the" East " Cup Competition has not been decided, but here too our prospects a.t:C encouraging.
We must see to it that this good start is followed up.
C.G.].

—:—

Country House.

    The Shield will have, for at least a year, a unique featurethat of reposing in a field of red-for seven years has a back.ground of green been its most distinctive feature. We hereby extend our hearty congratulations to Maxton upon their meritorious success. At the same time, we are congratulating ourselves upon what we did-not upon what we could have doneas a glance at the table of points will indicate.
Concerning our football thiS" term, we may say, without hesitation, that we owe our present leading position to the efforts of the 2nd XI., who remain undefeated. The shooting boots of Hogben, Hood and Kennett have been deciding factors in many games. The defence of the l~t XI., though somewhat shaky, has proved superior to the attack, which, giving it maximum praise, is scarcely above form standard. We hope that the lack of cohesion, so prevalent in the forward line, will be remedied as soon as possible. Our successes against Town, however, do deserve mention. The" East" Cup team drew with Buckland, and we hope to win the re-play and the Trophy, thus adding to our cricket successes.
To regain the Shield, the House must work in unison, must become a systematic whole, each member .pulling his weight with a will, at present characteristic of a select few. The effort -cannot be maintained by thisAew-any and everyone must be efficient enough to take over the reins when the seniors leave.
It is therefore up to you who are at present juniors to perfect yourselves in every way possible if you wish the Shield to have once again a background of green. The honour is worth striving for; everyone should be proud of doing his bit to effect this.
The team and Hous~ spirit are worth fostering, for not only will.
their services be required at School, but in the greater gamethe game of Life. . .

H.A.S.

—:—

Buckland House.

    The 1st XI. this s~ason has done exceedingly well, having been beaten only once, drawing one game and winning three; the return game with Maxton was closely contested, and we did not draw ahead until near the end. We owe our success in the forward line to the hard work of Davis and Pott, while Peyton has been lucky in front of goal; the whole team have .given their best, with fruitful results.
. The 2nd XI. have not come up to expectations, having met with little success; several of the members, however, are still quite young, and this gives us hope for the future.
In the first round of the" East" Cup Competition, our junior team drew with Country House; the defence were very persistent in their efforts, frequently successful, to break up the -opposing attack; the forwards also worked hard, but missed' several opportunities in front of goal by poor shooting. The re-play has proved a pleasant surprise to Buckland supporters.
As regards points, we are in quite a favourable position so far: it may be maintained if every member of the House takes an active interest in games, sports and swimming; it is in cricket and swimming that our weak points lie this year.
. In view of the coming hockey season, I should like all those able to do so to play, for hockey will play an important part in .
the sports activities of the near future.
LI.H.

HOUSE MATCHES.
1st XI.

Sept. 24-Country I, Buckland 3. Town 8, Maxton 1.
Oct. 8-Country 2, Town o. Buckland 4, Maxton 4.
" 26-Country 0, Maxton 1. Town 4, Buckland 3.
Nov. 9-Country 3, Buckland 4. Town 3, Maxton I.
" 23-Country 4, Town o. Buckland 5, Maxton 2.
Dec. IQ-Town 3, Buckland 1. Maxton 3, Country 2.

2nd XI.

Sept. 24-Country 5, Buckland 4.. Maxton 0, Town 8.
Oct. 8-Country 6, Town o. Maxton 4, Buckland 6.
" 26-Country 4, Maxton 2. Town 5, Buckland 2.
Nov. g-Country 6, Buckland 3. Town 5, Maxton I.
" 23..<..-.Country 8, Town 1. Buckland 5, Maxton 4.
. Dec. 10-Buckland 2, Town o. . Country, 5, Maxton o.

EAST CUP.-Flrst Round.

Nov. 30-Buckland 5, Country 5.
Dec. 3-Buckland n, Comtry 2. Town I, Maxton o.
Final~Dec. 14-Town 2, Buckland o.

HOUSE CHALLENGE SHIELD, 1926-27.

Football. Cricket. Sports. Swimming. Final Maxton .. . . 33.33 33.33 24.76 20.4 27.96 Country. . . . 43.75 33.33 20.00 12.6 27.42 Town.. . . 8.33 16.66 21.9 47.5 23.60 Buckland . . 14.59 16.66 33.33 19.3 20.97

THE MUSICAL SOCIETY.

    During this term the Musical Society has been mainly engaged in preparing for the production of the" Banner of St. George," one of the most melodious of the early works of Elgar, our greatest living English musician. However, towards the end of the term some meetings were possible, and Mozart has been made the su5ject of special study.
On 25th November, R. G. Harris gave a paper dealing with the life of this composer, and the "Jupiter" symphony was explained by Mr. Willis, who gave illustrations on the pian() and gramophone. The following week the development of 'the sonata was studied, examples being given from Haydn, Mozart and Beethoven. W~ shall devote_more time to the appreciation of music during the next term. Music is no longer the sphere of the specialist al°!le; many members of the Society could give interesjing papers, with' examples at the piano, etc., and we look forward to eager volunteers in the future.
The Spring Term promises abundance of musk. Inaddition to our qwn concert, the Head Master has been able to arrange a.
visit of the Kent Village Concert Party on Tuesday, 24th January, 1928. Remembering the delightful music we heard on their last visit, we look forward with pleasurable anticipation t() this second concert next term.

LIBRARY NOTES.

    The demand for books from the General Library has increased to such an extent that at times it has been impossible to issue the volume required. An attempt to overcome this difficulty will be made by the addition to the Library of two or three copies of a work for which many requests are made.
, In the past many interesting and useful books have been presented to the School. For the future, gifts will be gratefully acknowledged in these <;6Iumns. ' Recent additions to the Library indude :-

(a) Non-Fiction Section.

"The, Rise of the Dutch Republic" (3 vols.), "Scott's Last Expedition," "Shackleton," "Memorials of Canterbury," " Europe in Pictures," "The British Isles in Pictures," "First Steps in Batting," "The Summer Camp."

(b) Fiction Section.

New copies of the works of Ballantyne, Dumas, Henty.
Strang, Stevenson and Weyman.

(c) Reference Library.

" Physical Optics" (presented by G. S. Peyton), "La (;eographie Humaine" (Brunhes), "The New World" (Bowman), " Commercial Geography" (Chisholm), " Concerning the Nature of Things" (Bragg), "Old Trades and New Knowledge" (Bragg).
.. Stars and Atoms" (Eddington), " Series Spectra" (C3.I\lpbell).
.. Influence of Sea Power upon History" (Mahan), "Cambridge Modem History" (Vols. x., XL), "Government of the British Empire" (Jenks), "Cambridge History of English Literature" (Vols. XL, XII.), "Shakespeare as a Dramatic Thinker" (Moulton), " Loci Critici" (Saintsbury).
(d) junior School.
"Children's Encyclopedia" (8 vols.), "Children's ColourBook of Lands and Peoples" (6 vols.). ' J.S.

EXAMINATION SUCCESSES.

Board of Education State Scholarship.-C. G. Jarrett.
Oxford and Cambridge Joint Board Higher Certificates.-G. E., Fagg, *L. I. Hadlow, A. H. F. Hunt, fC. G. Jarrett, A. C.
Quinlan; D. G. A. Sanders, fE. L. Trist.
* Distin<;tion in Chemistry: t Distinction in French and in English.
London Intermediate Arts.-L. J. Goodburn.
London M atriculation.-A. A. Bamard.
Oxford and Cambridge Joint Board School Certificates.-L. J..
Bach, E. H. Baker, A. W. Brooker, *M. W. Buckley, *M., Castle, * J. M. Davis, *K. W. Donald, W. B. Dunn, R. W. Forfar, L. F. Hopgood, G. E. Hunt, A. J. Kennett, E. S. Kennett, *C. A. Mercer, *W. R. Newell, *F. H. Peters..
S. C. Rowe, S. Schroder, G. S. Standring, * A. W. Taylor" A. E. J. Voizey.
Oxford School Certificates.-*N. F. Hadfield (3rd, Class Honours)..
F. L. Aers, T. H. Barwick, A. W. A. Chase, L. E. G.
Clements, J. A. Grist, C., J. Harley, W. C. Kingsford,.
*G. J. W. Scott, R W. Taylor.
* With exemption from London Matric:ulation.
L.C.c. Cler'kshiP.-R. G. Harris.
Royal Navy Artificer.-R. A. Pott. .
OLD Boys.H. R. Thacker (St. John's Coll., Oxford), RA., Hons..
School of English Literature.
W. J. F. Wellard, B.Sc. (Eng.) Lond.(2nd Class Hons.), and Diploma in Engineering of London City and Guilds Institute. .
G. ~. AuStin.-Associate of the Institute of Banking and Fellow of the Royal Economic Society

MERIT LIST.

Form V. (Joint Board).-Castle (2), Goodridge (2), Crofts (2),.
Sparham (2), Mose1ing (2), Hopkins, Martin, Bird.
" IVa.-Pittock (2), Peters.
" IVb.-Craig.
" IIIa.-:.Sharp (2), Ead!! (2), Gutsell (2), Fox (2), Mainwood (2), West-Oram, Heam, Capelli, Ravensdale..
Harrow.
IIlb.-Dewar.
" IIa.-Vosper (2), Unstead (2), Milne (2), Wraight (2), Bailey (2), Brown (2), Bussey (2), Cadman, Moseling, Rhodes, Abbott, Crocker.
" IIb.-Oliver (2), Burt.

Junior School :Foun lIx.-Stone, Winter.
" I.-Bowles (2), Cox (2), McToldridge (2), Slator (2), Watt (2), Cockfield, Dargan. McNeil, Richards, Stapleton.
" Upper Trans.-Browning (2), Bushell (2), Foad (2), Le Prevost (2), P. C. Coles, P. E. Coles, Miller.
" Lower Trans.-Blaxland (2), Goodbum (2), Matcham.
~, Prep.-Skinner (2), Pearce, Woodard.

VALETE.

A. H. F. HuNT.-School Prefect; School 2nd XI. Cricket;
working in Research Laboratory.
-c..E. FAGG.-Maxton House 1st XI. Cricket; joining Sun Life Assurance Co.
W. T. SERGEANT.-Serjeant, Cadet Corps; entering Advertising Dept. of Petroleum Company in London, as design clerk.
R G. HARRIS.-Lc.c. Clerkship.
H. F. HAMMoND.-Lce.-Cpl., Cadet Corps; Town House 1st XI.
Cricket and Football; joiriing Messrs. Siemens as Electrical Apprentice. F. L AERs.-School 2nd XI. Football; Town House 1st XI.
Football; apprenticed to Cable Company.
J3. WILL1S.-Buckland House 2nd XI. Football; Army Apprentice, Chepstow.
J. F. KELLY.-Maxton House 2nd XI. Football; entered RC.
Seminary, Mark Cross.
J. F. MuRRAY.-Army Apprentice, Chepstow.
-C. W. GILCHRIsT.-Transferring to Harvey Grammar School, Folkestone.
F. G. KINGSMILL.-TownHouse 2nd XI. Football and Cricket;
removed from district.
B. E. PRITCHARD.-Removed to Faversham.
-C. G. WILSON. - Transferred to County School for Boys, Gravesend.
J. R WATsoN.-Transferred to Margate College.
.P. M. GuRR.-Parents left district.

GLEAMS AID FLASHES.

    The amount contributed to the School Charity Funds this term, up to Monday, 12th December, amounted to approximately £19, including £6 6~. od. to Earl Haig's Poppy Fund. The figures show some improvement on last year's totals for the -corresponding period.

The total proceeds 6f the Fund for the. School Year ending last July were £39 4s. IOd., of which £25 was contributed for the support of our School Cot at the Dover Hospital, £5 Ss. to Deal Hospital, £6 3S. 7d. to Earl Haig's Fund, and £1 IS. to the Mayor's Cripple Fund, leaving £1 I5s. 3d. in hand.

The members of the Dramatic Class desire- to thank the Parents' Association for payment, on their behalf, of the annual .subscription to the Drama League and for defraying the cost of the hire of costumes for the Senior School play on 18th November.

Oh Thursday, 15th March, 1928, M;r. Percival L Witherby, of The Times newspaper, will give a lecture, at School, describing how The Times is produced. The lecture will be illustrated by lantern slides.

Our thanks are offered to a number of boys who sent in articles for this issue. .' Contributions by the following are reserved for use next term, if space peunits :-c. H. B. Foad, R W. Austin, C. Cox, G. E. Fox.

YE CHRONICLE.

    Alacke! Alacke! 0 wo! Sylene, Wo! Forre the rayne it :rayneth everie daye. Didde it notte rayne in ye hotte season -of Summere? Didde. not the hoarye sages saye, "It wille be fyne in Wintere"? And beholde! it rayneth stille, so thattc myghtye fioodes swepe o'er ye Playnes of Astore and Kynge Footborle, thatte is wont .to be so merrie ande gaye, goeth .a-wallowing in mudde. Shoulde we notte mak Kynge Sol washe our dyrtye bagges ? . .
    Yette moume notte overmuche, forre daylie do ye Knyghtes. conquere ye tyrant Worke and his awefulle henchmanne Lorde Examme, ande multitudinouse are the actes of ye Lessere Frye.
Forre it cam to passe that manye valiant Knyghtes, Squyers and Yeomen and their forbears didde assemble togedyr to dotrayde in the name of ye Goddess Musique, surnamed Jazz.
Ande a myghtye faire didde they holde, the whiche they calledAmerycane Sayle. Some saye thatte they called it Amerycane becos ye Goddess Jazz and her handmayd Charleston reyneth over ye lande of Ameryca: butte that I knowe notte. Nowe, when thatte ye daye of sellynge was cum, muche trayde was. dun for the glorie of this Goddess. Ande those thatte didde selle, shouted unto the Heavens, cryynge "Rowlup! Rowlupf Rowlup! " and manye othere cryes of wich I wist not the langwidge. So loude and thunderously didde they roare thatk behold! the people were fryghtened and bought thynges of wich they knewe notte the use. Ande ther was one called Sersaund, surnamed Fatte, a knyghte of joviale countenance buttewondrous loude voyce, thatte so terryfyde the fayre laydies thatte they were afeard of hym and boughte footborle botes to allayhis wrath. Ande when.thatte alle was solde the ass~mblye didde.c alIe mak merrie in dancyng.
Nowe bifel thatte in ye dreary dayes of Octobre, all ye.
Knyghtes, Squyers and Yeomen didde cum togedyr agen for victories over Kynge Sporte and Tyrant Worke. Ande he thatte gave the rewards was of a gloomy countenance, y~t could he.
wynke his eyes wyser than anye wyse owle. ~fter thatte ye grave speches were spoken certayn warriors and underlynges.
cam actynge ande syngyngen before their elders: one with. a..
pipe makyng rats and childrenne to dance ande another, surnamed" the Unhappy," dressynge himself lyke a clown. Ande so joyfulle was ye Overlorde that ye morro"," was decreede an holydaye.
Shalle I telle of the rests of the actes of :ye Knyghtes andSquyers ? Shalle I - telle of ye swete. musique-box, yclept "Grammyphone," which daylie charmeth our eares? Lo! if thou wouldst rede of these thynges, are they notte written in-ye grete boke Pharos?
Nowe ye happie season of Christemasse doth draw nyghe~ ande much occupyed are we in our daylie carrylyng. Butte lette us rejoyce .gretly and teste tulle fyne, forre tulle nobly have we :travailed and muche strength neede we for ye Eastere Terme.
A happieChristemasse to ye alle gallant warriors!

BONNYE ST. EBT, YE SCRYBE.

THE CADETS' CAMP, 1927.

    It was raining at Dover on the morning of Friday, 29th 1 July, 1927, and a motley collection of bl3:ck coats, blue" macs. " .and khaki uniforms was seen outside the Priory Station. How-ever, at Canterbury all coats were secreted in kit bags, and on arriving at Whitstable the Corps was met by the Band. This led us along a dusty and never-ending road, and during the halt the Band cheered the Corps up by making rough estimates cl the distance to be covered. Those who thought they were joking were quickly disillusioned. A little later the" tenderfeet" were being introduced to the Serjeant-Major by means of two violently-thrown blankets and a rifle.
Work was soon begun, and even the severest critic admitted that the Corps was progressing very well. Our programme for this year's camp was somewhat awe-inspiring, as we had to prepare for no less than three inspections. However day by day the standard of ceremonial, platoon. and section drill improved, and when the Director-General of the Territorial Army arrived he was greatly pleased, despite the lack of Ke~tishmen and men of Kent. In a stirring speech, he reminded us that the war was won by the British -soldiers' devotion to the noble ideals of patriotism and service; and that the British Army, to which we were privileged to belong, existed for the preservation of peace. .
One morning the Corps awoke with groans-it was a redletter day, as we were to be inspected for the Lucas-Tooth Competition in' the morning, and by Major Mown in the afternoon. Many a cadet, while vigorously polishing his buttons, was heard to remark: "Shall. we ever see the end of this day? " We did-with mingled memories of extended order and the promi<;e by Major Mowll of a visit to Hawkinge Aerodrome.
With the more serious side of camp over, our attention was turned to sport. After many struggles, we succeeded in vanquishing the P~nguins, a neighbouring swiriuning club, in cricket, football and running; but mention must be made of the excellent spirit of our opponents. Next, our own Sports were to be considered, and we found ourselves welcoming two charabancs, loaded with parents and parcels (the. temptation of putting.
parcels first has here been suppressed), and a most enjoyable afternoon was spent by all concerned.
Some rain was experienced during the second week, but parades were held in the Serjeants' Mess, where the Corps ggined much beneficial knowledge concerning engineering and platoon drill (despite the loud snorings of a certain cadet during the latter lecture). Unfortunately, Lieut. Blackford was obliged to.
leave before the end of camp; and at 9-45 one night neighbouring.
camps were somewhat surprised to hear rousing cheers as the Orderly Officer moved off. .
The Section Cup was won by Section n., under Sjt. Saunders, after a keen and close competition.
The breaking-up of camp was decide~y wet. When the whole equipment had been placed in a large pile in the centre of the camp, the Corps congregated around it to wait for the' lorry. Some irrepressible cadets began to sing a popular and optimistic refrain embodying a weather forecast not justified by the existing conditions, . but were soon stopped by a few candid remarks from" the S.M. At last the lorry arrived, and the weather 'began to clear up. An excellent march was made through Canterbury, and on arriving at Dover the Corps marched through the town to school, where it dispersed.
Before closing, it is essential to congratulate CpI. Goodbum and the cooks on their excellent performances; and lastly, but ,by no means least, Sjt. Peyton and the Band, who helped so much to make the camp a great success.

K. W. DONALD.

CAREERS.
(CONTRIBUTED BY OLD BoYs.)
No. III.-Civil Engineering.

    It has been said of engineering, that it is the greatest and most useful of all professions, and the finest occupation to which any man can devote his life's work. A moment's reflection should show that this is neither an empty boast nor a prejudiceQ opinion, but that he who disputes it does not fairly appreciate what is done by engineers for the use. of mankind, and. what their work means to the whole of the civilised world.
As "engineering" is a very loosely used term, applied as often to the act of fitting a sparking plug to a motor-car engine as to the'theory and practice of building a vast steel bridge, a.
brief definition of civil engineering is first necessary. It is the art of designing and constructing something which is stationary.
Thus, in this article, which is devoted to civil engineering as applied to railways, it will be seen that the civil engineer is.
responsible for the construction and maintenance of the permanent way, bridges, buildings, signals, docks, piers, reservoirs, etc. ; while the mechanical engineer deals with locomotives anQ rolling-stock.
Let us briefly survey this great profession, so that he who has not. definitely decided upon his career may weigh up its.
advantages and disadvantages. The word" great" is particularly applicable in this case, as not only is the field of action large, but extensive schemes are prepared, involving vast sums..
of money, sweeping alterations and months of labour. A study of subjects as diverse as Strength of Materials and Geodesy, Hydraulics and Geology, to name but a few, is required. In.
such an atmosphere an engineer naturally develops a broad mind and a wide outlook on life.
Again, in such a vast profession there is little fear of monotony. Outdoor as well as office work is to be done, for before.
construction is commenced on any scheme, the site must be surveyed. A period of office work then follows, when plans, estimates and specifications are prepared, previous to the outdoor duty of setting out the work and supervising construction. Closely allied to variety comes adventure, and a young engineer has little cause to repeat the popular outcry that adventure is.
lacking in life to-day. Engineering holds out wonderful opportunities in foreign countries, where scope is naturally larger and constructional work more abundant than in England. In a.
modest way, in this country, his experience is full of adventures.
which add zest to his duties and fun to his life. To m~ke a .
survey on a busy main line in close prox~mity to conductor rails, to crawl along a high roof or thr~)Ugh a foul sewer, to level ~ .miles across country in the rain or the sun, to supervise the' ~rection of a bridge in a limited time on a winter's night, ortC):
.give evidence in a lawsuit, are a few of the varied experiences':
which banish the word" monotony" from the engineer,s,) vocabulary. ,,' Engineering is essentially a responsible occupation. In the.
-design of a building, for instance, no part may be overstressed.
or the safety of the pulilic will he endangered, In adilltion, the:
work must be carried out without interference with traffic or j risk to workmen. The value of the lessons of responsibility, j leadership. and authority to be gained at school, in Cadet corps, '~ -or similar institutions, cannot be too strongly emphasised. AJ Resident Engineer has large numbers of men under his direct j -control, and is, in fact,~' father" not only to his job, but to j his men. .;
Another valuable lesson to be learned is that of getting over "j difficulties. In what appears to be quite a simple design, par- 1 ticularly if connected with' existing structures, there is usually~I ,some difficulty to be mastered, and before coming to a decision i the' case must 1:>6 considered from not orily an engineering point!
-of view, but from every angle. In his private life, therefore, 1 the engineer applies this' practice of tackling problems and" .overcoming " snags." The" snag" in the subject under review is that of remuneration. Considering the amount of techriical knowledge required, involving years of training, salaries are decidedly low. The .salary of an unqualified man straight from school is usually about £50-£75 per annum, increasing by about twenty pounds .each two years until a figure of about £300 is reached, after 'which the rate of increase falls off. A qualified man, however, who has obtained an engineering degree, usually commences with a salary of about £120-£200. It should, however, be clearly understood that, unlike clerical grades, there are no fixed rates for technical men, and that remuneration is governed by ability ,and seniority. That these salaries are poor cannot be denied, but against that fact should be offset the benefit of superannua. tion on retirement, and the knowledge that for the first ten or lifte91 years of his career the engineer is being trained to his profession.
    The best method of embarking upon an ensineer's career should be considered. There are two distinct categories of candidates-those who mu..t leave school at a comparatively early age, and thOse fortunate enough to remain longer. For bo,th, a sound general edueation up to Matriculation standard is.
essential. In this examination a foreign language, advanced mathematics, mechanics and physics should be included in order to obtain exemption from' the preliminary examination of the Institute of Civil Engineers, of which every engineer should become at least an Associate. Without any doubt whatever, the better way is to remain at school until Inter. B.Sc. is obtained, and then to take a course at an Engineering College, finally graduating as a Bachelor of Science. This.
degree gives exemption from two of the three sections of the A.M.Inst.C.E. examination, which is the hall-mark of a civil engineer, and of which the syllabus may be obtained on applica-, tion to the fnstitute.

The boy who leaves school after having matriculated has a difficult time ahead of him for the first few years, as he should study in his spare time to bec.°me associated with ~he Institute. This may not appear to be a very severe task, but it must be realised that in office hours he is using" his brain intensively, working far harder than he ever thought of doing at school, so' that by evening time he is not feeling either fit or anxious to.
study. Application should be made to a Civil engineer for a position as tracer or draughtsman, in which valuable drawing:
office experience will be obtained. This, augmented with energy and ability, will enable a draughtsman to become a surveyor, and a surveyor an engineer. A more fortunate boy may become ;I.ll artided pupil to a civil engineer by paying a premium of about three hundred guineas. Such a pupil is unpaid, but is given greater opportunities to gain experience. He, too, of course, must study with the same aim.

In this outline, an attempt has been made to show a glimpse of this fascinating calling in which every man must feel proud to be living a life full of' constructive effort for the service of mankind.

C. G. BLAcKFoRD.

THE FESTIVAL THEATRE, CAMBRIDGE.

    We have been long accustomed to hear from the critics that the English theatre of to-day is an obsolete institution-a' :statement in the main undeniably true. Very few London theatres are suited for the perfomiance of anything except -drawing-room comedy; stage-lighting is designed simply and solely to render visible every faciai movement of a star per, former; and the auditorium is contrived so that many of . the audience can neither see nor hear the play. These .criticisms still apply to the London theatres, but we have now -in Cambridge a theatre which, both in structure and management, is admirably fitted to develop and further the art of the theatre in England.
The Festival Theatre, as it is now known, is one of the oldest theatrical buildings in England. It was originally built in the <lays of the Prince Regent, when it was known as the Theatre Royal. It has had a chequered career, having served, among -other things, as a Mission. Hall; but fortunately such vicissitudes have failed to destroy its distinctive theatrical character.
It was r8cently acquired by Mr. Terence Gray, who set about transforming it into t~e most intimate and delightful of modern theatres. The charming Regency auditorium has been preserved intact, and has been re-decorated in a key ha:rmonising with the style of production; it has been furnished with comfortable seats and is illumi~ated !>y diffused lights, the colours of which' may be varied according to the psychological atmosphere demanded by the play. But it is on the stage that the revolution has taken place. . The picture-frame stage, which was 1lI1known to Shakespeare and was only introduced at the Restoration, and which has long been condemned by the leaders -of the artistic movement in the theatre, as pandering to an impossible theory of realism, has been abandoned. The stage in the Festival Theatre is as wide as the auditorium; between..
.stage and audience is no great gulf fixed, like the usual gloomy den haunted by the orchestra, for the stage may be mounted :at any point by means of broad steps which connect stage and auditorium along the whole width of the stage. This feature .serves to emphasize the intimate emotional connection between public and players, which is one of the essentials of drama as an art distinct from those other arts which are independent of the interpreter. The stage itself consists of three parts :-first, cat the back is a slightly raised stage which can slide forward, so leaving a space at the rear through which men may rise from the bowels of the earth, come on board ship, or throw themselves into the sea; the second section is the main stage, which forms the greater part of the acting area, and which also contains a revolving stage, particularly useful in expressionistic productions; further forward still is the apron-stage, familiar to the Elizabethans, which in turn passes in a gentle transition into the .auditorium by means of the steps already mentioned. The stage is backed by a cyclorama, which is a high curved wall, covered with white plaster, whose top is out of sight of the audience.
The cyclorama gives a striking effect of distance, and when suitably illuminated makes a perfect sky. The customary dropcurtain has been replaced by tableau-curtains. The acting-area is lit by border-lights (i.e. lamps concealed high above the apron . stage) , by spots from the sides and by a battery situated high up at the back of the auditorium. The cyclorama is illuminated by several lamps below the level of the stage and by an .enormous battery on the lighting bridge. By means of these all kinds of colour-effects and designs may be obtained on the -cyclorama. All these lights are fitted with dimmers, which vary the intensity of the light without causing such disillusionment .3.5 when the prompter makes the sun set in a series of audible . clicks. The whole lighting equipment is a Schwabe installation.
In consequence of its design and of its excellent equipment, the Festival Theatre is especially suited for experimental work.
lndeed all its productions are moanted in a way which is, in England, quite novel. The chief feature of the stage designs is the employment of the architectural principle: that is to say, instead of using flat surfaces with perspective painting, the :setting is three-dimensional, with the result that wonderful .effects of light and shade are obtained. On occasion, sets of .curtains supplement or replace the architectural setting.
The Director of the theatre is Mr. Terence Gray, who fully -understands the Art of the Theatre as distinct from the 4' dramatic literature" taught in schools. Mr. H. M. Prentice, --who comes from Sheffield, where his work obtained widespread Tecognition, is the producer; and these two are assisted by an ~fficient company, including several players of real distinction.
    A wise and pleasing feature is the GistIjbution of Parts according:
to suitability, not salary.
The theatre produces eight plays during each of the threec seasons which make up the year, and which correspond to the.
University terms; each play is performed for one week. The productions began in the Michrelmas term of 1926. During the first year work of the most varied kind was presented, ranging:
f~m ancient Greek. tragedy to Victorian melodrama. The quality of this te~'s productions has been varied. The season began with the Oedipus Tyrannus, produced by Mr. Terence Gray himself, who, to quote his own words, decided that" the play should be taken as an undated work?f genius and presented-.
regardless of history or archreology, in whatever manner is.
calculated to make it most vital to a modem audience." To.
obtain an atmosphere as far from the conventional theatre as.
possible, curtains were abandoned and a fixed architectural.
setting was erected on the stage; the audience was regarded as.
the populace of Thebes, and the chorus as its spokesmen, andmost of the action took place in the auditorium. This mode of presentation gave life and vigour to this play, 2,200 years old, which came to us with a dramatic force and power equalled onlyby the tragic masters,. Shakespeare, Ibsen and Strindberg.
Two unsuccessful plays followed :-Progress, by C. K. Munro, and Pompey the Great, by John Masefield. A triple bill succeeded:
in this we should have had Oscar Wilde's Salome, but the offices. of the Lord Chamberlain deprived us of the opportunity of seeing one of the most beautiful plays of modem times~in its place we .had a rollicking farce by Beatrice Mayor, with some very beautiful dancing, and a poetic play, The Son of [;earning, by Austin Clarke.
The fifth production was The Comedian, by thE! French author, Henri Gheon. This play is Christian propaganda, but its religious spirit is of the vital type, like that of Euripides, Goethe and Shaw, which is essential for the highest drama. It is the story of an actor who is asked by the Emperor Diocletian to act the part of Adrian the Martyr. He is so affected by his part that in the closing scene he announces that he has become a Christian, and the curtain falls as he waits for death. This.
play is one of the finest written since the war.
All :the productions of the Festival Theatre are experimental, that is to say-tb-ey are works which, either for scenic or financial reasons, are not performed by the commercial theatre. In this way it is accomplishing a work of enormous importance; its situation in a University town gives it a wide-spread influence, for it is to be hoped that of the thousand odd who pass out into the world each year, not a few may be imbued with a vital interest in the drama and with the Festival Spirit.
H. B. GARLAN U.

A PEEP AT ROMAN BRITAIN.

    On a lovely afternoon, after wandering through the beautiful glades of the Folkestone Warren, one may suddenly be transported into an atmosphere of two thousand years ago;
for here, at the foot of that gra.nd ridge that forms such an imposing background to Folkestone, and on the top of the low -cliff overlooking East Wear Bay, is what was undoubtedly a residence of a Roman of high rank. In this locality there are many indications of a camp, a.nd enough is left of this' villa to give us a vivid picture of the life of the Romans during their domination of this island.
The villa must have been a long bungalow, with one-storied wings surrounding tp.ree sides of a rectangular court, whose fourth side ran parallel to the cliff. Several wide steps led up from the court to the hall, the roof being supported on this sidi by a row of pillars. The plan. of the rest of the building shows a medley of small rooms about thirty in number. We should call the most interesting of these the winter sitting-room, because, unlike the rest, it was heated from underneath, on the modem central-l).eating principle. A charcoal furnace, fed from a pit on the other side of the wall, supplied hot air which passed 1lIlder the concrete floor and up several flues in the walls, so that the heat was evenly diffused and no draughts were created. From the same pit another furnace heated the bath in a similar manner. In the kitchen there was probably. a hearth: but that did not so much interest us as the remains found in the refuse pit, for among other things were unearthed the jawbone of a wild-boar, a piece of an antler, and the hoof of a don.key. This not only shows what animals, but also what ideas of hygiene were prevalent at that time. Really, in spite of central heating and hot baths, with our climate; life in such a building could not have been very pleasant; what should we say if our houses. had little furniture, marble walls and stone floors, no glass.windows, and if our kitchens were under no better management?
It is probable that the OCCUPaI!t of the villa was a seaman.
because he would have easy communications with Gaul fropt . this point and because tiles have been found bearing the inscription CL. BR., standing . for Classis Britannica-British Fleet.
The position of Folkestone, in the mid41e of a string of fortresses.
stretching from Colchester to Hastings, fUld at the' mouth of the Channel, suggests that he was the Commander-in-Chief of the coast defences. It would be his duty to keep an eye on our forefathers, the Saxon pirates, who usually hugged the Belgian Coast and then crossed to Kent or. Essex. Must it not have been a sight to see two or three of those Roman warships, with their beaks high above the water and their oars working soregularly, urging them on at a tremendous speed, to see these coming round the headland on the right to meet a fleet of daring Saxons bearing down upon a north:.east wind! .But it must have been with other feelings that the inmates of the villa saw them come on all too successfully, on the raid which left their home a mass of charred ruins.

S. J. MuMMERY (Upper VI. Arts).

A DREAM.

A VISIT TO A CHINESE THEATRE.

    Some years ago, when, I was residing on the mainland of China, at KowIoon, I remember that a great commotion and bustle took place in a field a few hundred yards from our house~ Long bamboo. poles were brought there, as well as large quantities of straw matting and cane. Slowly we saw a huge shed erected, and, our curiosity finally aroused, we found that it was going to be a theatre. The structure was, in shape, not unlike a house of to-day, and the floor was about twenty feet off the groUnd, supported by means of poles. A gangway led up to this.
One day, when the building was finished and everything else was ready, we decided to pay it a visit: Accordingly we came to the theatre, ascended the gangway, and were met at the top by one of the attendants. No box office was visible, but before we could think of paying we were ushered towards some wicker chairs, the attendant bowing and scraping all the while.
Evidently he was higWy gratified by the appearance of some would-be spectators other than Chinese. We sat down, and then had time to look about us.
The play had started some time before, and the theatre was crowded, even to " standing room only," or, in more appropriate words, "lying-down room only," for many of the audience were lying at full length on the floor or in any suitable crevice. Owing . to its rather fragile construction, the floor had a large outward bulge in it, and, to us, the whole building appeared to be a " lean-to" affair, and not at all safe.
    Some of the spectators inside were eating, and others were sleeping, for these plays usually last for a week or more, so the spectators practically live in the theatre the whole time. The majority of them were smoking, which was an extremely -dangerous practice, as we were only surrounded by partitions of matchwood. During the play no sign of approval or disapproval -was given, and for the most part silence reigned amongst the .audience.
The stage itself was opposite the only entrance and was simply a raised platform with two doors leading off it, while in front was the .' orchestra." The latter consisted of some half.dozen players, playing weird, unnameable instruments, which emitted most melancholy shriek$ and wails. It seemed. to us .t~t they were all playing different tunes.
, The part of the play which we sa~ was a battle scene, shown by two parties of men charging each other while brandishing ;&words and yelling at the same time. To make the scene more realistic, a boy was on the stage throwing explosive fireworks into the air.
Not being Chinese, we could not endure the heat and the .atmosphere of the place for long, and so we soon departed.
, ,
S. AN-PERSON (Form V.!J.B.).

THE MUMBLES RAILWAY.

    The oldest railway in England is known as the Mumbles Railway. It covers the five miles between the centre of Swansea ,and a little place called Mum~les, . where there is a lighthouSe whi<:h is cut off from the mainland at high tide. The route lies for nearly all the way along the shore of Swansea Bay, but it turns into the back streets of Swansea and through these streets ,goes to the railway sheds. In some places the railway nm.s along right outside front doors! The line is single all the way ,except at the termini and midway, where there is a loop for trains to cross.
The engines are rather ancient machines, which belch forth' volumes of smoke. Instead of a whistle these" iron steeds" have affi.xe~ to the front a large bell, which is rung every time -,the train approaches a crossing or goes through the streets of the town. The coaches are by far the most humorous feature -of the whole railway. Some have the appearance of very long tram-cars, others of very long 'buses. There are seats inside and outside, and anyone who is seated outside is nearly smokedried by the obnoxious smoke pouring from the engine. The carriages have windows on one side only-the seaward side. In the end coach there is a pillar-box, which is emptied at the end of every" joume)'." This railway, which is to be electrified in the near future, is, in many respects, very, quaint, and reminds one of absolutely the first days of railways.
D. E. SHARPE (Form IVa.).

A TRIP TO ELEPHANTA ISLAND.

    It was on New Year's Day that we went for our picnic to Elephanta Island, one of the islands in Bombay Harbour. We went in the Government launch, the Muzbee, and the distance we travelled was seven miles there and seven miles back. It was a nasty, wet day, and the rain half spoilt our trip. While we were crossing, a stom1 came on and the rain came down so heavily that the sea was beaten quite smooth. We passed a few fortified islands. Oyster Rock and Middle 'Ground are fortified, but Butcher's Island was an important Wireless Station. The wireless apparatus has since then been removed.
Elephanta Island itself is very interesting because of the caves;
these were probably natural originally, but centuries ago the Hindoos enlarged them and carved many idols and figures out of the rock inside. A lot of damage was deliberately done by the Portuguese when they captured Bombay. It is quite clear that these caves were used as places 'of worship.
At six o'clock we left the Island and I steeredthe launch home.

REX WHITE (Form Ilx.).

A YORKSHIRE MILL.

    During my holiday I visited my uncle's wool combing mill at Bradford. First I saw the wool washed. Before it is wash~d it is- greasy. It is put into' a long tankfull of hot water, soap and alkali. A moving frame )-Vith prongs pushes the wool to the other end of the tank and into a wide pipe, where there is a.
strong draught which blows it into the steam dryer.
- The wool is now perfectly white. The next stage is tbe carding. The cards are rollers covered with fine wire bristles.
which tear the wool into soft fluff. It is scraped off the last roller with a doffing knife and runs in a long white stream, called a stiver, into a tall can. After going through a machine called a backwash, it is ready for the combs. These are very wonderful machines, which lay the fibres straight.
Another set of machines then makes the combed wool up into large balls called" tops;" and they aTe ready to go away to another mill for spinning and weaving.
This mill is beautifully clean, as it is driven by electricity.
There is nothing in the engine-room but a large switchboard.
On the door there is painted a skull and cross-bones, warning:
people to keep off the wires.
BERNARD F. HARTr.EY (Upper Trans.).

CHRISTMAS.

    In the early times the people called this festival Christes.
Messe, which means Christ's Mass, whenc;e we get our word Christmas. Some of the churches observed it' in December, others in January, April or May, because of the absence of historical record as to the exact date of Christ's birth. The Christmas festivals, together with other pagan festivals, were handed down when Christianity became the chief religion:
among ,the relics are the yule log, holly, misletoe and the wassail bowl.
In England we hang our stockings and pillow-cases up toreceive our presents, but in France the children put their wooden 'shoes in a row in front of the fire-place. Norwegian children have lots of fun hunting out their presents which have been hidden away in some unknown place. In Italy the toys are drawn from the" Urn of Fate" ; some of the parcels are blank, but in the end there will be presents for all. . In some of the' BCJltic lands the gifts are supposed to be brought by die Christ . Child, " Kris Kringle," Himself.

R. DAVIES (Form IIx).