PI1AROS
CONTENTS No. 134. Vol. Lvrn. 1966-67
Editorial 2.
In Brief 3.
Staff Leaving 3.
Original Contributions 4.
Visits, Reviews and Reports 10. Speech Day IS.
Societies 16.
Sports Day 20.
Soccer 20.
Rugby 20.
Cricket 21.
Other Sports 21.
House Notes 23.
Parents' Association 25.
I



l4iterial
We musrapologizc for the absence of illustrations in this edition; this has been necessitated both by the increased costs of printing, and by the high cost of the Diamond Jubilee issue. To help lessen printing costs we have had to amalgamate the sports reports and make other cuts.
We set out to include some controversial articles, but the general lack of interest shown by the
School made this impossible. R. I. BISHOP (L. 6 D.)
P. R. GmBs (L. 6 C.)



In Brief
We are sorry to have to say goodbye to three members of the Staff: Mr. C. L. Evans and Mr. D. H. Comber, both of whom have been with the School for a number of years, and Mr. Mace, wh() has been teaching English for one year.
We welcome three new masters to the School: Mr. R. H. Hay ton is coming from Sir John Cass College to teach Biology; and to teach English, Mr. J. H. Jenkin from Rendcombe College and Mr. C. 1. Howie from York University.
Mme. F. Geranton, our French Assistante, is returning to university in France.
On the 6th, 7th and 16th February the Youth Employment Officers visited the School. A School party attended "Dead and Alive" at St. George's Church, Deal on 1st March. On Tuesday, 21st March a School Service was held at St. Mary's Church.
The following visitors gave lectures to the Sixth Form during Headmaster's Period: W.Johnson, Esq. ("The History of the Kent Coalfield"); Professor J. c. Barker ("Transport and the Growth of London in the 19th Century"); R. Duncan Hall, Esq. ("The National Blood Transfusion Service"); Major A. D. Judge ("The Conservation Corps"); P. A. Wright, Esq. ("The Royal Maundy"); N. Cook, Esq., Director of Guildhall Museum, ("Digging for History"); Mrs. M. Gowing ("The Atom and Society"); J. Williams, Esq. ("The Future of Dover"); W. A. Gibson Martin, Esq. ("Iron and Steel"); C. Day Lewis, Esq. ("Poetry Reading"); D. Bradley, Esq. ("The Work of a J.P."); prof. E. F. Caldin ("Science and Faith").
There was a concert given by pupils of the School on the 19th and 20th December.
From 6th to 24th February an exhibition of creative work from the School's Art Department was open to public view at Dover School of Art. On Wednesday, 22nd February, J. Evcleigh, Esq., O.F.A., and D. Fawcett, Esq., A.T.O., F.R.S.A., from Folkestone School of Art addressed a group of senior boys about career prospects in Graphic Art. Our thanks arc due to the latter, and to D. Judd, Esq., also from Folkestone School of Art, for judging the exhibitions of work by Advanced Level Students held in the Art Department in June, 1966, and to H. E. Busby, Esq., A.R.C.A., from Dover School of Art, and R. Chambers, Esq., A.T.O., from Canterbury College of Art who judged similar exhibitions of work in June, 1967. During the session small groups of senior boys have visited the pottery at Rye, the Victoria and Albert Museum, and exhibitions of students work by both Dip.A.D. Graphic Designers at Canterbury College of Art and by Foundation and Vocational Graphic Design Course Students of Folkestone School of Art at the New MetropoJc Arts Centre, Folkestone. An exhibition of Nineteenth and Twentieth Century Original Prints at the New Metropole Arts Centre was also visited.
D. H. Comber
Mr. Comber joined the staff as second biology master in September 1961. A tall Welshman quickly known to many as Dai, he had previously graduated and been trained as a teacher in the University of Wales. His contributions to scho01 life soon extended beyond the laboratories as his enthusiasm for and competence in rugby and cricket led to his giving many hours ofIeadership on the games field. He also became actively involved in the life of the Baptist Church in Dover. It was natural to him to take an interest in his pupils as individuals, and his concern for their welfare and his friendly relationships with staff and boys will long be remembered. Mr. Comber's interests in modern teaching methods took him away from us for a term in 1966 so that he could study in detail the trends in science teaching. He now leaves us to Jccture in Biology at Worcester College of Education, a college well known for the competence of the science teachers it produces and for the contributions of its staff to current developments in education. Our loss should, therefore, be the gain of many scho01s in the future. Mr. Comber came to us as a bachelor; he leaves us with a wife and two daughters. They have our thanks for what they have done in East Kent and our very best wishes for the future.



C. L. Evans
We return to School this September to fll1d that the Staff Room lacks onc of its more colourful characters-Mr. C. L. Evans. On his arrival in 1957 it soon became apparent that he was a teacher capable of inspiring his pupils to emulate his own brilliant use of language, capable of imparting to them his love of books and all things cultural, capable of establishing within the classroom the kind of atmosphere which encourages the free exchange of ideas. But perhaps it is the man we saw outside the classroom that we shall most remember, compounded of passion, contradictions and idiosyncracy: the cricketer of rare guile who several times batted for 45 minutes before being out for 0; the football enthusiast who considered soccer an art form; the unorthodox disciplinarian whose reaction to formality was so often simple embarrassment; the devotee of argument who revelled in general elections; the connoisseur of interesting turns of phrase; the lover of medieval music with a penchant for 'pop'; the student of modern trends in painting and the novel; the champion of any boy in trouble with authority. Mr. Evans' driving energy found an outlet outside the School too: in political canvassing; in lecturing to adult education classes; above all in writing, because during his time here he established himself as one of the more interesting new English novelists with his two books 'The Heart of Standing' and 'An End to Asking Why'. Mr. Evans leaves us to take up a Senior Lectureship at Portsmouth College of Education. We wish him and his family success and happiness in the future.
Three Generations
Dover Grammar School for Boys has just completed the education of a pupil who was the third
successive generation and fourth member of his family to have been a scholar at the school.
1, Martyn C. L. Webster, of Upper 6th, who left the school in July this year, was the pupil in question, for it was my grandfather, George Wyndham Webster, who, in 1907, as son of the Minute Clerk of Dover Corporation at that time, was among the fIrst hundred pupils to attend the newl yfounded Dover Grammar School, then situated in Ladywell.
George Wyndham Webster attended the school from 19°7 - 19°9 and went on to join the Southern Railway cross-channel fleet. During the First World War he served in the 7th Battalion of the Buffs in Northern France, where in 1916 he was seriously wounded and taken prisoner by the enemy. After eighteen months in hospital at Cologne, he returned to England late in 1918 and resumed his career with the S.R. fleet.
The Second World War saw him as Chief Petty Officer on board the Hampton Ferry which had
been taken over by the Navy for minelaying around the British coast. In 1949 he became Chief Steward on board the British Railways vessel Maid _r Orleans, a post which he held until his retirement in 1957. He has two sons, L. G. Webster and N. Webster.
Leslie George Webster, my father, was a pupil at this school from 1932-1937. He went on to
join the Southern Railway company as a clerk at Deal Station. During the last war he joined the Royal Air Force, attached to 80 Signals Wing, as a wireless mechanic doing specialised work in Home Defence, and after D-Day serving in the Low Countries until the cnd of hostilities. Following demobilisation he returned to the railways working in the South East Kent area; his present appointment is Chief Clerk at Dover Priory Station.
Norman Webster, a pupil here from 1935-1940, attended the Tullbridge Wells School of Art
from 1940-1943 and then, after seeing service in the Middle and Far East as radar operator on board the aircraft carrier HM.S. Vengeance, he took up his previously won Exhibition to the Royal College of Art, South Kensington, gaining in 1949 the Diploma of the School of Engraving of that college. That same year he was appointed Instructor of Etching and Engraving at Leeds College of Art, a post he still holds. In 1951 he was elected an Associate of the Royal Society of Painters, Etchers and Engravers. He is married and has three children.
I have now left and embarked on my chosen career, having been at the school since 1960.
It is with pride and gratitude that this family looks back over the past sixty years, conscious of what this fine school has meant to them, especially in their philosophy oflife. Although the academic goal of a degree has never been attained, they have been enriched by the high standard oflearning at this school, which is reflected in the many, varied posts held by Old Boys throughout the world. M. C. L. WEBSTER (U. 6).



Oil-Pollution
Oil-pollution is a subject which automatically springs to mind with the name Torrey Canyon. This disaster which almost everyone followed has certainly brought this subject out into the open, but as usual it is too late. This one disaster almost annihilated the seabird population in Cornwall and looks very much as though it will do the same to the seabird colonies on the northern coast of France. Its timing was superb, catching the seabirds as they congregated by their breeding sites, government action as far as France is concerned anyway, was too late, and as patches of oil drift up the Channel, the latest being located off the Isle of Wight, onc can assume the seabird population of England will be severely cut.
Oil-pollution, however, is not a recent problem, it has been occurring since the beginning of the century, and in the majority of cases its cause has been the deliberate discharge of oil.
This may be hard to believe, but it is true. In our rat-race today, money appears to be the sole object of life with a majority of people in the world, and in the mercantile marine money means time. If the time of a ship's passage can be reduced another trip can be made and more money earned. With oil tankers this time of passage can be reduced by quick unloading at port. Once its cargo of oil has been unloaded, the tanker then returns to collect more, but before more oil can be loaded, the ship's tanks have to be cleaned, and instead of spending a few more hours at port so that the residue of the oil tanks once cleared can be treated and destroyed, this is done at sea, the residue from the oil tanks being discharged openly into the sea! The same principle applies to most shipping in the world today, if not an oil tanker it applies to the fuel tanks of each vessel.
Some progress has been made to try to prevent this discharge, about twenty countries having agreed not to discharge oil in certain waters, besides making it compulsory to discharge any oil waste in shore instaJlations, but there are loopholes, one being the disaster clause. The Torrey CanYOtl affair was probably legitimate in that oil could not be prevented from leaking from the ship, but in many smaller disasters, oil is pumped directly into the sea, either to reduce fire risk, or to prevent the ship sinking.
One example was provided when a Pakistan freighter caught fire and was beached north of Deal. The oil in its fuel tanks was left undisturbed while the fire was being fought, but when the salvage operation began, headed by two West German Tugs, the oil was pumped directly into the sea and then forgotten!
On another occasion a freighter caught fire and was beached on the Isle of Wight. This time fuel oil with the cargo of cotton was discharged into the sea to prevent the fire spreading. This was fair enough, but once the oil had been discharged it was left to drift one hundred and twenty miles up the English Channel, killing thousands of seabirds, severely polluting Shakespeare Beach with many others, and then left to drift across the Channel and Southern North Sea to kill thousands more seabirds on the Dutch Coast. You may well ask "how do you know this oil came from that vessel". The answer to this lies in the fact that in all cases of oil-pollution which occured after the grounding, cotton waste, some scorched or burnt, accompanied the oil even across to the Dutch coast, and by press cuttings we could trace the movement of this oil.
These two examples show quite clearly that although laws have been passed to prevent oilpollution, they are by no means upheld, partly because there is no way of enforcing them on the open seas. When a ship is found to be discharging oil illegally, a very costly court-case has to take place before a prosecution can be made, and punishments in the form of fines hardly cover the cost of the court-case. Oil-pollution of the seas is thus a hazard, if it can be described as such, that we are going to have to live with, unless there is a rapid change in both the law systems regarding this menace, and in the attitude of ships' captains.
With this in mind, groups of people are trying to find a method to save seabirds once they are oiled, so that if oil-pollution cannot be prevented seabirds can be saved. This operation has proved to be very difficult, because once oiled, the whole digestive system of the seabird is disrupted and in most cases a particularly violent form of death results.



Our own group O.P.S.E.K. (Oil-pollution-south-east-Kent) is just one of many scattered throughout the country. We are completely independent, and carry out our projects on a part-time basis. Few people know of our activities, but recently with the aid of the press they are becoming known and many people show interest by sending donations. In school, however, our activities are often misjudged, attracting only jibes. If our critics would only join us much more could be done to help stricken seabirds, both by research into the effects of oil upon them, and by regular checks along our coastline, so we should be delighted to hear of anybody who wishes to become a member of our group.
T. DIXON (M. 6 P.) D. TAYLOR (M. 6 K.) The Dramatic Store
As you go into the room like an L
You are greeted by that old musty smell; There are props and clothes from plays of old; Many stories must have been told;
A pile of books, a broken chair,
Drums and wigs and smelly air,
A heap of clothes, a hat and belt,
The coats are cloth, the hat is felt;
Two large statues, Zeus and Apollo,
Look like stone but are really hollow;
A rickety table and canvas flats, Table-tennis balls and also bats, Army hats and flashing swords, Costumes for townsmen, barons and lords,
A pirate flag upon a pole,
And up in the roof a square-shaped hole;
Above the hole there lies the stage
Where costumes have been used from age to age.
D. SMITH (I Park.) Industry
Do you like industry! Chopping down trees Just to build factories
which make anything from aeroplanes to keys.
Oh the smoke! Oh the fumes!
Rising from chimneys like dark grey plumes.
oh the noise! Oh the din!
Can you never win!
Shall we always need factories towering to the sky!
To these I wish I could say goodbye.
But factories are here to stay.
.P. MEEHAN (I Park.)



Boredom
The elephant stands there thinking,
Occasionally slowly blinking.
He stretches his trunk to the crowd,
Eats the bun and then trumpets loud.
On and on with no variation,
To stand there like that is his life's station.
He turns and lumbers inside
Away from the crowd, he wants to hide;
But, oh despair!
They fill the air
With their cries, the crowd's there too,
It's nothing new.
At night, when Regent's Park
Is shrouded in the dark,
He longs to be free
By an old palm tree
In Africa's wild expanse,
Where the antelopes gracefully dance.
Is the sun which rises in the sky
An African sun rising highl '
No, a dull red London ball
Making shadows in 'elephant hall'.
The morning paper comes through the box.
"Look here, my wife, this is a surprise.
You know there's an elephant down at the zoo 1
He's dead. I'd never have thought, would you 1
Look, underneath the bit about Jordan,
lt says that he probably died of boredom."
G. P. OWENS (2 Astor.) Caught in a Squall
The sea was very calm as we sailed from Dunkirk to Ostende on the second leg of our holiday cruise to the Dutch canals, with a light northerly breeze forcing a close haul. Griffin was a class two ocean racer of forty-five feet and we were making good progress under a clear sky. There were five of us on board including myself, the others being my mother and father and another man and woman who were friends of ours. My mother and Mrs. Hamilton were playing cards below to pass the time and had just made a cup of tea, while Mr. Hamilton, n1V father and myself were in the cockpit enjoying the sail.
Suddenly the sky went very black, huge clouds blotting out the sun, Almost simultaneously the wind dropped away and we had to start the engine. Two of us went on to the foredeck and I gathered in the headsails as Mr. Hamilton slacked off the halliards. When we returned to the cockpit we sat and waited for the weather to do something.
My father was at the helm when the rain started, and it was rain the like of which I had never seen before. It flattened the slightly choppy sea to a plate-glass finish and pounded on my oilskin hood until I could hear nothing but its roar. Mr. Hamilton, who only had on a jersey and trousers, was soon dripping wet, while my father and myself kept as dry as possible in our oilskins.
7



Mr. Hamilton had just gone below to change when the rain stopped. The mainsail began to fill and the boat started to heel gently under the breeze. Gradually the wind got stronger and the boat began to tear her way through the water, the side deck lying not two inches from the water when the wind gusted. Suddenly the wind increased and the boat was flung on her side with the water streaming past the cabin top. The rigging groaned and the mast creaked under the strain, while the wind roared off the canvas.
For the first time my father began to look anxious about the conditions. He told me to fetch Mr. Hamilton. He had just put on dry clothes when he appeared from the hatchway but was soon soaking wet from the rain which had again started. The wind was now gusting about force nine and my father said we had better heave-to until the wind squalls had passed before something carried away. This is the usual procedure when caught in a gale. We were just about to do this when the wind eased as quickly as it had come. Slowly the boat took up a more vertical position and we could at last relax the grip which had prevented us falling about. We must have looked a sorry sight as we were all very wet.
We could see the entrance to Zeebrugge harbour and decided to seek refuge there rather than carry on to Ostende. As we sailed into the harbour I went below to see if the ladies were all right. The boat below was a shamb]es. Water had forced its way through the skylight over everything, and there were cushions, cards, broken cups, blankets, plates and saucepans amongst other things all over the floor. When the wind had come the cups of tea had hit the deckhead (th.lt is the ceiling) before continuing their journey to the floor. When we had moored we set about cleaning up the mess before having a meal. I can certainly say it was a day I shall not forget.
P. IvERSON (L. 6 J.)
The Pond
The pond is wicked - white and still
:lI1d nothing soundless swims or slips through dappled green
'neath shimmering glass.
The pond is plate and frozen hard
and not a fin breaks water rippling summer weed
to ease the vice.
No green-brown flesh the black-boned trees
no sinking amber leaves which deign to hide the tails
that watery dart.
The fountain stark and snow-choked dry
and squirming life held stiff aquatic cold-clamped cell
the pond is ice.
M. MACK (U. 6.) Computers
We are living in an age in which the computer is becoming of prime importance. The average man-in-the-street views the increasing use of computers with horror, both because of the many men they can replace, and also because he has a vague fear, no doubt a memory of lurid sciencefiction comics, of their taking over the world. The first fear, especially if the man concerned is working in an office, has a firm basis, for computers are capable of doing work far more efficiently and quickly than men. The other is groundless. The computer can perform hundreds of thousands of long mathematical calculations in a few seconds, but, since it cannot think, it can do nothing unless a man tells it to, and then it has to be told exactly what to do, for it cannot perform even the most obvious operation unless programmed (as the process of telling a computer what to do is called) to do so.



What then is this machine that combines incredible efficiency with an absolute obedience to its master? The average film depicts a computer as a black box, covered with flashing lights, and devices like huge tape recorders in the background. If onc neglects the flashing lights, this is a fairly accurate description. The computer itself is in the black box, which gets smaller every year as new processes of sub-miniaturisation are devised. What is in this black box? (We are concerned here with the digital computer only). The inside of the box can be divided into two departments. First is the arithmetic unit, which occupies most of the space in the computer, and which can basically add any two numbers together or negate a number and add another to it (subtraction). All other arithmetic operations can be performed using these two operations (e.g. multiplication is repeated addition). To avoid complications, all computer arithmetic is done to the base two-the familiar binary numbers which contain only noughts or ones. The arithmetic unit is, however, virtually useless unless it has a memory so that it can use its speed to the best use. The memory, which is usually known as the fast-access store, consists of a large number of small rings made of an alloy called Ferrite. These are Jinked by wires, and each ring can be either magnetized or not, corresponding to the binary states I and o. These rings are arranged in groups known as words, which usually consist of between 18 and 48 rings, thus providing for a binary number that number of bits (as a binary digit is called) long.
This then constitutes the computer proper. Another important part is the control unit, which directs the arithmetic unit and enables the programmer to use such functions as multiplication and division.
There now remains the problem of communicating with the computer. This is the function of the input and output sections. The fastest secretary can only type 2 or 3 characters a second (equivalent to 15 - 20 bits) far too slow for a computer, although a typewriter linked to the computer is occasionally used to feed in data while a computer is running. The usual method of communication is to prepare a programme beforehand using a medium which the computer can read at high speed. The usual method is using punched tape or cards. The tape is produced by a punch connected to a typewriter. Each character on the keyboard has its own characteristic arrangement of holes on the tape. When completed the tape (or card) is passed under a reader, which uses a light and photocells to determine the arrangement of holes in the tape. Tape can be read at about 300-1800 characters per second, cards at a slightly slower rate.
Recent innovations include print readers. The print reader can work either by light or magnetism. The light variety scans a page with a beam of light, and compares the amount of light reflected with a pre-stored memory which enables it to translate the patterns of light and dark into characters. The magnetic reader uses a similar process. The peculiar letters and numbers now found on cheques are in magnetic ink and are designed to provide the most distinctive patterns for reading by a computer.
Output from the computer can be either direct to a typewriter, which is far too slow, or can be in the form of punched tape or cards, which are outputed faster, but again have to be read on a slow typewriter. The search for a faster method of communication has led to the line printer. The line printer has the type faces placed on the circumference of a wheel, and has a separate wheel for each place in the line on the paper-up to 160 wheels may be needed. All the wheels are set spinning at high speed, and are inked by a suitable method. When a character required is in place, a signal from the computer causes a hammer to hit the paper onto the wheel. The hammers are made to travel so fast that the wheel need not be stopped. By printing all the A's in a line simultaneously, and then the B's etc., a whole line can be printed in the space of one revolution of the wheel. The line printer can produce output at the rate of up to 2000 lines a minute. An equally fast system uses a matrix of wires and heat sensitive paper and works by passing a current along selected wires in the form of a letter, and thus burning that letter onto the paper. Other methods include the digital plotter, which can draw graphs, and the cathode ray tube which can be made to display graphs and also characters.
The fast-access store of a computer usually contains about 8000 words, which is rarely enough for a long programme. A slower-access backing store is therefore provided. This usually contains about a million words, but has the disadvantage that the words usually have to be brought under a reading head unlike the fast-access store, where each word is immediately accessible as it has its own read wire.



Magnetic tape can store vast quantities of information, and to cut access time is used in high speed readers-these are the things like tape recorders one sees in films. Information is stored by either having a space magnetized or not - the states I and 0. A typical tape 1200 ft. long and! inch wide can store nearly 3 million bits, say 15°,000 words, and a computer may have 10 tapes 3600 ft. long, i.e. 40 million words. Computer tape must move rapidly, and has to be stopped quickly. To avoid breakages, large loops of tape are uaually allowed between the tape drums and the read/write head. A magnetic drum consists basically of short lengths of tape on the surface of a drum which is rotating rapidly. Each track has its own read/write head, and thus any bit can be located within the space of I revolution. The disc and drum are far quicker than the tape, but because of the number of read heads needed fI the disc unit may need over 3°00 heads unless the slower system of having one movable head per side is used-they are more expensive.
The process of telling the computer what to do is called programming. The basic method of programming is to use instructions in binary arithmetic which tell the computer precisely what to do - this is tedious but is the fastest system for the computer. Machinecode is basically similar but uses normal base IQ numbers; it is nearly as fast as binary code, is far quicker to produce, but needs a binary tape programme to enable the computer to translate the machinecode into binary. More sophisticated languages include Fortran and Algol, which use normal English and arithmetic operations in the programme but have the disadvantage of needing a large translator. The modern trend is towards programming in either Algol or Fortran, but many programmers are now using Symbolic Input Routine, a modified form of Machinecode that uses words to stand for the addresses of locations.
D. ToRR (U. 6.)
Middle Sixth Biology Field Course 1967
This year's field course was held at Flatford Mill, near the village of East 13crgholt, in SufFolk. The picturesque mill at Flatford will be well-known to art-lovers as the home of John Constable's father. Taken over by the National Trust in the 1940'S, it was the first Field-studv centre of its kind; today, it is well establi_hed, catering for the artist, biologist, zoologist, botanist and geologist alike.
April, renowned for its showers, upheld its tradition with extreme vigour, giving us continual rain on all but one day of our visit. In spite of the weather, however, spirits were high and we soon settled down to what was to be an interesting and enjoyable time.
Our dormitory, situated in the roof of the mill, and aptly called "Gables" provided us with comfortable accommodation, although earlier, ominous cracks in one of the walls had given us some cause for concern. Although we were an independent party, as far as relying on the centre for training and equipment was concerned, we took full opportunity of the mealtimes to make friends with young ladies on a course similar to ours.
The object of the course was to study ecologicalmcthods, identify the fauna and flora of a chosen area and study their biological inter-relationships.
The first few days were spent exclusively on studying ecological methods. Projects under this heading included: making transects and profiles of a pond, tracing a river to its source, and using quadrats to find the abundance of plants in a given area. All of these projects justify further explanation:
It is of interest to a biologist to know "what animals and plants live where." Once he has done this he can start on the even more interesting task of trying to find out why they live where they do. On the fmt part of the course we managed to make fairly accurate records of the animal and plant life in selected areas, and also to put forward our own hypotheses as to why they inhabited the places they did.
By making transects of a pond, and then examining the flora and fawla at metre intervals along each transect, we were able to make profiles of the pond, recording the abundance of the different species of animals and plants along each profile. On examination of the profiles in many instances a pattern emerged showing that, for example, species A lived only in regions where the water was shallow and muddy, while species B lived only in clear water of a greater depth. Invariably closer examination of each species revealed that it was, in some way, adapted to the environment in which it was found.


 
Perhaps one of the most interesting projects undertaken was that or tracing the River Hren to its source. Having started at a bridge where the river was II metres wide, we spent the whole day following it, until we eventually came to a point where the "river" was a mere trickle of water in a ditch. Stops were made several times during the day to take samples of the acquatic fauna at points where it was thought interesting results would be obtained; for example: a place where the river was shallow and flowing slowly, also a mill where the river was flowing rapidly and where the water level was much higher. From the results we could see that certain animals lived where the water was slow-flowing, while other species only inhabited regions of deep, swift-flowing water.
The other group project involved visiting different parts of a wood, each part having been coppiced in a different year, and, with the aid of quadrats, finding the abundance of various types of
flora in each area. The coppicing dates ranged from 1944 to 1967. On the whole, it was found that the greatest variety and greatest number of plants were in the areas coppiced in 1966, while the two areas coppiced in 1944 and 1967 had the least variety and number of plants. It was deduced from this that as the trees grew, their branches and leaves shielded light from the ground, thus inhibiting the photosynthetic processes of the smaller plants causing them to die off in that area. This is only one of many deductions made from the results but it is representative of the type of theories which were put forward in order to explain the results that we obtained.
After three full days the group projects were complete. For the next three days we worked on field-studies of our own choosing utilizing the ecological techniques and knowledge we had gained during the first part of the course in planning and carrying them out.
Although the course was primarily concerned with ecology we managed to fit in visits to the harbour at Harwich, the museum at Ipswich and the fine church and quaint old houses at Lavenham. These breaks provided us with an opportunity to refresh ourselves between pieces of work, and were considered by all to be an important part of the course.
By the end of our stay we knew a great deal more about ecology, but perhaps just as important we realised that we had only skimmed the surface of a subject which becomes more interesting and fascinating at each step.
M y colleagues and I would like to take this opportunity to thank Mr. J. A. Field and Mr. D. H.
Comber for their time and guidance during the course. C. H. Andrews (M. 6 K.)
Sixth Form Course at Eversley College, 10th-14th July, 1967
The course held at Eversley College, Folkestone, in mid-July was entitled "Man in control of
his environmenn", a title which provided an interesting and complicated problem for the fifty-two sixth form students attending. The members of the course were drawn from Grammar and equivalent schools throughout the County of Kent, and we were reminded in the College Warden's introductory speech that this was the flTSt course of its kind held in the country during term time, and as such that we were "guinea pigs."
After lunch on the first day (Monday) Mr. Spain and Mr. Mercer of the County Planning Department at Maidstone, spoke to us about the particular problems facing the town planner of the future, making special reference to Sheppey and Deal; their talks led to the work for next morning which involved a coach trip to Deal where the problems of modernising and easing traffic congestion in the town without stealing its Olde Worlde charm were studied at first hand. During Tuesday afternoon the situation was discussed in groups (one group was led by Mr. Payne) before a final meeting of all the course members put forward a number of ideas for a 'new' Deal town centre. Tuesday evening was taken up by a speech from an eminent alchitect, Mr. Paine, who succeeded in baffling many of the course members with obscure historical references. His talk was largely based on hypothetical situations which he insisted on enclosing in the architect's dream, "the plastic dome", and the general opinion showed that confusion prevailed over enlightenment. This talk made a thorough contrast with the previous evening's delivered by Lord Holford, a much travel1ed and authoritative planner, who captivated his audience and provoked them into interesting discussion.



On the following day Angus Stewart, a lecturer from the Londun School of Economics, spoke about the sociological aspects of our future environment, and his threats of unlimited leisure time in the twenty-first century had a certain science fiction air about them. Mr. Stewart's talk was followed by one from Mr. Nigel Calder, known by many for his work with the New Statesman and the New Scientist. Mr. Calder considered the technological aspects of environment and foresaw the complete obsolescence of text books with the advent of a world-wide computer-controlled information service, which he assured us is a complete physical possibility.
On Thursday afternoon a trip was arranged to the' A' Power Station at Dungeness where we were shown around by delightful female guides who tried unsuccessfully to disguise the ['lct that they were knowledgeable physicists.
The course was concluded on Friday morning by a talk from Dr. Geoffrey Templeman, the Chancellor of the Universitv of Kent and Chairman of U.c.c.A. He considered the role of the individual in future society' and suggested that we take a lesson from Roman history using our leisure time for athletic and constructive ends. Dr. Templeman is, of course, one of the country's greatest historians.
After a general discussion and collection of ideas it was decided that if man is to control his environment he must start now on controlling population and inventing new leisure pursuits, and not emulate the procrastination of his predecessors.
L. M. G. HARVEY (M. 6 P.) L. D. BRIGGS (M. 6 P.)
Sailing Club Holiday to the Norfolk Broads, July 1966
The members of the School sailing club who were fortunate enough to enjoy the Norfolk Broads holiday organised by Mr. Freeman are now all confirmed Broads enthusiasts. Si/ver Arrow, the boat that we hired, was in fact the largest sailing craft on the Broads so fortunately for all other river users we decided first to cruise under motor down river to the nearest stretch of open water, Wroxham Broad. There the sails were eventually set in a reasonable fashion but it was soon apparent that si/vcr Arrow had been designed for comfort not sailing qualities.
On the first day everyone learnt the rudiments of Broads Sailing which simplified, is just holding a collision course with the river bank until the last moment when you go aboUt as close to it as possible. After a shaky start most of the crew soon grasped the technique under the expert guidance of Mr. Freeman.
Throughout the week we experienced every sort of wind from flat calm to Force 5 and tying reef points in a strong wind soon separated the reef knots from the grannies.
Quanting and shooting bridges were two problems which were eventually mastered with only minor damage to Si/ver Arrow. During the week there were several events which added colour to the holiday. One crew member fell overboard which led indirectly to the boat going firmly aground when the helmsman tried to slow it down, while another deserted unintentionally as he was trying to prevent a collision. In addition to this there were many minor collisions and the like but the inch planks of Si/per Arrow were strong enough to stand the battering and the boat was returned to the boat yard the following Saturday none the worse for the week's handling.
J. MORRIS (4 A.)
Skiing Holiday to Switzerland, Easter 1967
Without a doubt the school trip to Engelberg (29th March-9th April of this year) was an unqualified success. The achievement of skiing, the enjoyments of the hotel and the aesthetic beauty of the scenery combined to make this a holiday which no one will quickly forget.
Hotel Trubsee, perched hazardously on the mountainside 5,900 feet above Engelberg, though not the utopia of paradisalluxury seemingly expected by certain party members, proved a haven of warmth and comfort among the snowy wastes of the ski slopes. Dorms, if not spacious, could aptly be described as cosy while food was extremely inventive and generally very palatable. Growing fears of evening boredom were soon dispelled by the dual discovery of a 'games room', noisy, claustrophobic, and ill-ventilated, and a group of girls to fill it.



Outside the hotel, scenery was, if anything, even more attractive. It would be futile for me to attempt to describe here the beauty of the Alps. Enough to observe that at all times shivering figures could be seen in the hotel environs capturing on film the majesty of their surroundings, while a trip to the top of Titlis was greeted with utmost enthusiasm by the most worldly of our party.
The main purpose of the trip was, of course, to ski, and, sure enough, skiing occupied most of our time. Again fortune smiled on us. Instructed with skill and patience we achieved, by the end of the holiday, a surprisingly high standard of proficiency.
Lastly, any assessment would be incomplete without a few words of heartfelt thanks to our organisers and their charming companions who, with good sense, understanding and inestimable endurance, made the holiday the success it was. We thank them and feel sure that in future years the annual trip to Engelberg will continue its massive growth in popularity, while maintaining the freshness of novelty.
R.]. BAKER (L. 6 D.)
The Flies
'The Flies' left me, like most of its original audience, fitting overblown philosophical arguments to words and actions which seemed too light weight to sustain them. Though I know little about Sartre or Existentialism, I had the association between the two names firmly established in my mind, and had already decided that the play was going to be an Existentialist parable. I decided that Zeus was Urizen, God and Father who denies, and thought the play would have had more force if it had been based on a Jewish legend. Orestes was 20th century educated man, awakening the dull masses to the dangerous freedom of life without mythical restrictions. 'The Flies' was first performed in Paris during the occupation, and the philosophical dog-ends were put in to deceive German officers in the audience. The play was a political revue sketch, padded with Existentialism to confuse the censors. The remorse fostered by Clytemnestra and Aegistheus was France's "national pastime" in 1942 - the Germans taught them to see the defeats of 1940 as a judgement on their moral decadence during the 20'S and 30'S. Sartre wanted the French to reach the wasteland of modern life before they could begin to philosophize about it, and when the play was performed most of them were insulated by their penitence. Still, I only found this out when somebody told me afterwards; I left the play a confused German officer.
'The cast had been well drilled - they moved at the right times and spoke their lines under the correct spotlights. Sometimes their relief at having remembered all the words came over as strongly as what they were saying. The most important contest in the play - that between the school stage and the producer - ended in victory for Mr. Pickering, despite the door in the wall at the back of
the stage. The meagre directions at the start of Act Two were moulded to produce the feeling of a state occasion. Set pieces like this were well managed throughout the play, and owed much to the lighting, which at times overcame the characters and seemed an end in itself, son-et-lumiere rather than school play. I thought the direction of 'The Flies' failed in two places. The chorus, reciting their lines together, seemed to belong more to a pantomime than to the rest of the play, and only the children apologising for being born had any effect on me. Secondly, the sub-Brook sections where the soldiers entered the audience amplified a section of the play which I personally disliked. The soldiers provided hght relief; Sartre's equivalent of the grave-diggers, and, as in most plavs, this humour where you laugh at the characters rather than with them was provided by the representatives of the workers.
The play was dominated by Aegistheus, or rather by John Evans, and it seemed a poor reward to kill him off in Act n. His part was the only one to offer consistent opportunities for acting, even though, I believe, he was actually provided with the line "Back you dogs!" On stage, Evans fulfilled Electra's description:-'the fat, pale king with the slack mouth and that absurd beard.' His acting seemed to come from inside the character, the gestures were those of Aegistheus rather than ones which the director had advised would be suitable. Evans achieved the 'suspension of belief' which the textbooks achieve, while most of the others remained school children with good intentions v; ho retained their own personalities.



As Clytemnestra, Margaret Millsted seemed as beautiful as Electra, and insufficiently ravaged for the demands of her part. Her high, monotonous voice suited the Queen's washed out penitence, but was perhaps only half intended. Electra was vivacious, giving all her lines the feeling of being spoken by someone too alive to contain them. She and Orestes carried off their long duologue at the end of Act Two, Scene One effectively; as Orestes, Geoffrey Edwards was unable to act the schizophrenia the part demanded. I remember him as philebus rather than any doom-laden avenger. Zeus was statuesque throughout, at times almost wooden, and occasionally he spoke to his beard rather than to the audience. The high priest seemed a leftover from the school's long tradition of Gilbert and Sullivan, but as far as I know they never did 'The Mikado'. John Langford's Tutor was effortlessly servile, and at times almost wished to become Dudley More.
I never felt scared of the Furies, whose costumes and words placed them with the bad fairies of a black pantomime. The middle-class lisp which infected other members of the cast without irritating me, struck at the Head Fly with devastating effect. One of his lines included the phrase "Screaming arpeggios of terror."
'The Flies' was the school's belated recognition of the avant-garde, even if the play was twenty years old. The play was for me a success because of this, but it had the bonus of being well produced and having unusual effects which worked. I hope it encourages the school to produce more modern plays.
A. E. CHAP MAN (M. 6 M.)
C.E.M. Conference
This year our school acted as host to visitors from other schools in the area at the annual c.E.M. conference. The hall took on the appearance of a market, with a stall selling sticky bars and crisps with pop to wash them down. Another stall sold books. The crowd round the notice detailing people to their groups got rapidly bigger as our visitors arrived. Irate prefects herded people into their correct places and the Conference began.
The principal speaker was Dean Edward Patey from Liverpool. His opening address was designed to lay before us several questions about Christian involvement in the world and so provoke discussion when wc split into groups. The groups shouted above one another in the hall, braved the draught on the stage and caused inconvenience in the Library. Each school provided several group leaders who took notes and reported to Dean Patey at dinner time. These leaders had met the Dean the evening before for what proved to be a very successful preliminary. The groups had certain questions to talk around but we did not stick too rigidly to these. During the dinner interval delegates were invited to cat in the hall, buy refreshments or take the air and enjoy the view from the quad.
When the conference resumed the group leaders took the stage with the Dean. This was when the day really "warmed up". A nasty accident befell Gerald Mack, he was cut short. . . by time! Later he got the conference rocking by saying that he would like to say that what he was about to say was not what he said but what someone else had said and if the person that said it would like to say so he should stand up and. . . . . well, say so!
Our school's group leaders, Gerald Mack, Tony WiJliams, Peter Newman and Terence Vardon did very good jobs as did all the speakers. Dean Pater had to call order once or twice and the speakers got quite carried away. Some very good views were put forward and well-earned applause reverberated throughout the hall.
Dean Patey summed up and conducted prayers to cnd a highly successful, thought-provoking
:l11d enjoyable conference. D. V.WfSTON (L. 6 c.)
School Council, 1966-67
Under this vear's Chairman, Mr. Harris, the School Council has functioned extremelv smoothlv. The meetings _ere usually well attended and lively discussion predominated. It app_ars that the adoption of Mr. Bishop's proposals, at the final meeting of the 1965-66 Council, was a proper step, and the minutes of meetings have this year been displayed on the notice board immediately following the respective meetings.



Several changes have been made in the Council this year, namely the admission of the tennis and fencing captains to the Council and having at least one additional meeting each term, making a total of seven meetings per year. An experimental house fencing competition was run in the summer term, and following the success of the tennis competition, tennis becomes part of the House Championship in J967-68.
In the autumn term £25 was donated to the Aberfan Disaster Fund, and money has also been
provided for basketball kit, a football and a cricket scoreboard. 1. M. G. HARVEY (Secrctary).
Speech Day 1966
This year's Speech Day was held on Friday, J8th November. The School was honoured with the presence of the Right Reverend Eric Mercer, the Lord Bishop of Birkenhead, the first Old Boy of the School to become a Bishop. After presenting the prizes he gave an interesting address, advising parents to be patient with their teenage children and telling the boys that they should be patient too because the parents also had to make adjustments. He suggested that all families should have basic rules in the home in order to avoid petty arguments.
The Choir and Clarinet Ensemble were popular, and contributed to the overall success of the evening. R. J. Baker's report on the Diamond Jubilee year was also well received.
In his Annual Report the Headmaster stated that Speech Day reports tend to concentrate on achievements rather than on failures, and on virtues rather than on defects. To remedy this he spoke of some of the failures, the individuals in the school who obstinately resist any widening of their horizons, those who are idle, those who are anti-social, and those who take all thev can from the community, giving only what is necessary for their own advantage. Dr. Hinton _lso stated that the School had had its most successful year ever academically, but emphasised that breadth of study was as important as depth.
The proceedings were concluded with a vote of thanks, given by the Head Prefect.
Combined Cadet Force
The Inspecting Officer's congratulations on our smartness and keenness at the Annual Inspection were symptomatic of the success of a year in which the resumption of N.c.O. conferences has marked the start of a new trend to a real colI/billcd cadet force. Alreadv we have had onc combined exercise and more are planned. The purchase of a cine camera will en_ble us to record our activities and produce some training and recruiting films.
After 5 years in charge of the Naval Section SiLt. Salter is handing over to Lt. Dicks. Our thanks are offered to both.
During the year 2 R.N. Cadets have passed their A.B's exam, 5 have passed Proficiency and 2 Advanced Proficiency. At Easter 5 members of the same Section went to H.M.S. Ulster, 2 to H.M.S. CollillglVood on an electrical course and 5 to H.M.S. Raleiglz on a quartermaster's course, while 3 others, together with 4 members of the Army Section and Lt. Carver attended an Arduous Training Course. In the Army Section 20 cadets passed the Proficiency examination and inspecting officers commented on the high standards shown. Shooting has been a regular engagement at Dover College's indoor range during the winter and on our own outdoor range during the summer. Annual camp will be at Stamford Practical Training Area in Norfolk and we hope next year's camp will be in Germany. Next half term there will be a camp for prospective entrants from the 2nd and 3rd years. The R.A.F. Section's programme fell into 3 parts: instruction in Meteorology, Navigation and Principles of Flight and films during the autumn; practical projects during the spring; and training on the primary glider during the summer. Throughout work on the transmitter and receiver, has continued. In August 19662 cadets spent a week as officers at Wittering and were given a 2,500 mile flight m a Victor bomber. The same cadets spent another week gliding and gained A and B certificates. In April 3 cadets went to R.A.F. Guteslohe in Germany. In the summer Annual Camp will be held at Cranwell.



Phoenix Society
Many VIth formers have found this Society of considerable benefit so, after a year's lapse, a programme of three evening meetings (on Fridays), in the Autumn and Spring terms is planned. As we hope to take advantage of the hospitality of masters to meet in their homes it will probably be necessary to place some restriction on membership.
W.G.K.
History Society
The History Society has again enjoyed a fairly active year, highlights of which were meetings addressed by T. Vardon on "The Crusades", Mr. Dicks on "Greece", and the Headmaster on "The English Political Structure in the 18th Century", while a debate on Vietnam led by Anderson and Longley generated much heat and not a little light.
The Society is open to all members of the school, meeting usually four times a term, and next year will be in the capable hands of Messrs. Anderson, Flood and Lilley. Speakers already booked are T. J. Vardon and Mr. King.
Dramatic Society
Our main event this year, of course, has been the school production of Jean-Paul Sartre's "The Flies". This was a success although it was not the conventional type of school play. We gained new members from this and we hope that they will continue to support us.
The other activities of the society, such as play reading have been somewhat curtailed this year by rehearsals for the play and the usual fever of preparation for the G.c.E. However, in the Autumn Term, we read "The Hole" by N. F. Simpson, and "Murder in the Cathedral" by T. S. Eliot. We also went to the Marlowe Theatre to see "The Duchess of Malf!" by John W ebster and "The Knight of the Burning Pestle" by Beaumont and Fletcher.
Our next production, to be performed at Christmas, will be "The Redemption" by Gordon
Honeycombe. P. L. WHEELER (4 A.)
Modern Languages Society
Le club de langues modernes a eu pendant l' annee quelques recontres interessantes, plusieurs exposes sur la France avec l'aide de cartes, l'un sur la Dordogne riche en prehistoire, l'autre sur la France du Sud-est et les Alpes. Deux eleves de Sixth Fortn ont parle de la musique en France depuis le debut du vingtieme siecle. Au cours du second trimestre un eleve allemand qui etait venu passer quelques semaines en Sixth Form nous a donne un apen;u sur la jeunesse allemande d' aujourd'hui. Dans l'ensemble un programme varie mais qui n'a profite qu'a un petit nombre d'eleves. Venez donc nombreux participer l' an prochain aux reunions et decouvrir les aspects de la France et de l' Allemagne qui vous interessent.
F.G.
C.E.M.
TJ-.rough the school year the c.E.M. offered a varied and interesting programme. Of course above all the meetings stands the conference held at the School in February; this is dealt with under a separate heading.
On three occasions we saw the Church pushing frontiers forward. Our own Mr. Mace (who is in facta curate at a Folkestone church, although we are used to seeing him disguised as a layman) spoke to us about the Ministry and how it must adjust itself to the present time. Then we went one evening to hear Canon Waddams talking on the revision of the liturgy. And finally we had a local priest, Fr. Watts, come and tell us of the latest changes in the Roman Catholic Church.
But our meetings were not narrowed down to topics of a churchy nature. Mr. Davidson from the Girls' Grammar School gave a short talk on salvation and led a most rewarding discussion which touched on many topics. We later organised a joint meeting with the Girls' Grammar School which I felt re-opened several overgrown paths of thought.



It may be a good idea at this point to stress that the c.E.M. has never been a circle for the sanctimonious as some believe. As local speakers are used up and favourite topics become chestnuts, _ few suggestions from the not-so-convinced might well be appreciated.
Lastly I would like to thank Mr. Payne, upon whom we could always rely for an idea, whose flat we filled for most of the meetings, and whose jar of instant coffee never seemed to empty. Without him the year would not have been half so pleasing c.E.M.-wise.
G. M. MACK (U. 6).
The Guild of Printers
After six years of very intensive activity the Guild of Printers has been comparatively inactive throughout the past session. Our stock of type has taken a considerable pounding and certain sizes have shown very obvious signs of wear and tear. It was therefore decided to 'run-down' the Guild's usual frantic activity to the point at which it has become possible to have a wholesale sorting out of mis-sorts. At the same time our total stock of 10 pt. Times New Roman Type (which we use more than any other type-face or size and which was therefore considerably the worse for wear) ha_ been added to the contents of the 'Hell Box' wherein has accumulated over the past six years a goodly amount of broken and damaged type. This quantity of type metal has been consigned in its entirety to the fiery furnace and is in the process of being recast as new type. We are greatly indebted to Mr. Arnold Stanway, Old Pharosian, of "Buckland Press" for his co-operation in undertaking to do this for us. We should also like to thank Captain James of the Junior Leaders Regiment from whom we have acquired a considerable quantity of wood type in various large sizes and styles. This should prove particularly useful to us in printing large posters and handbills as well as in promoting other
kinds of creative work in the Art Department. By the time this appears in print it is hoped that the Guild will once more be functioning regularly and able to undertake your orders to your complete satisfaction.
K.H.C.
Orchestra and Choir
A few years ago there was a noticeable lull in the number of boys learning musical instruments at the School, and the Orchestra has for a while been able to boast of only one or two really confident members. It is encouraging to see now quite a lot of boys in the Lower School learning an instrument, and we hope that in the terms to come there will be plenty of good players to choose from.
Nevertheless at the Christmas Concert we were able to give a pleasing performance of a smallscale concerto by Haydn, the piano soloist being T. Vardon. We also played the "Trumpet Voluntary" - something that was requested as a finishing-off piece at practice after practice. The soloist at the concert was R. Dixon.
The lack of interest which knocked down the senior members of the Orchestra to little more than one desk had its effect on the Choir too. When the long-lasting pillars of the Choir finally Jeft, there seemed no up-and-coming tenors or basses to repJace them.
Even so, at Speech Day the Choir made a favourabJe impression with "Fire, Fire" and "The
Dashing White Sergeant". Likewise, at the Christmas Concert the audience greatly appreciated our efforts, although rehearsals had been about as feverish as rehearsals could ever be, and in several places we knew it was good fortune alone that held the music together. Then after Christmas Mr. Best set out to purge the Choir of its unworthy elements. Newly discovered voices filtered in. At the end of term service the Choir was the finest it had been for some time. From Handel's "Messiah" we sang two choruses: "Glory to God" was blazed out with vigour and precision; "Surely He Hath Borne Our Griefs" was sung with the depth of feeling these moving words require.
Many of the older singers have now left, but those Choir members that remain, by their own
choice, art' singing a few items at the Victoria Baptist Church of Deal near the end of term. G. MACK (U. 6).



Historical Unit
As the Historical Unit slowly sinks in the west after another year of toil, we reflect on the ground we have covered in the past year with a task force of only four members. For the greater part of the year, we have been attempting to get in touch with old boys through places of further education. We have made contributions to the Old Pharosians' News Letters which have been produced this year and have just started on a new approach to the problem of gaining further information. We have, too, been visiting some of our retired masters to tap their knowledge of old boys. When we return to school next term, our members will be depleted to three, with command being in the safe hands of Gibbs who has done so much for the Unit in the past few years, with able support being given by Powell and Smallwood.
D. C. BREWSTER (M. 6 M.)
The other members wish me to express their thanks to Brewster for his ]oyalty during the past
few Years. His enthusiasm has been the lifeblood of the unit. N.S.H.
Chess Club
From the Lower School the response to the re-formed Chess Club has been very good, but we have very few players from the Upper and Middle Schools. Membership at the moment stands at around sixty, about half of whom play regularly.
The meetings, originally intended to be held during alternate dinner sittings with no meeting on Thursdays, have now spread to such an extent that each and every dinner sitting in Room IQ is taken up by playing chess.
In the Summer Term, our second as a legitimate school society, we played three matches with other schools: we forced a draw with Astor School and were beaten by Dover College although we beat the Girls' Grammar SchooL
D. POWELL (4 A.)
Fencing Club
The club has increased its membership to over 50 in the past year, many of whom have made a promising start. However, a lack of seniors has made it difficult to raise a senior team.
Although we have had no outstanding victories in school matches wc have done fairly well in competitions, reaching the semi-fll1als of the Kent Schoolbovs Foil Competition and the semi-finals of the Hollies Trophy. We had fancied our chances in the Frank Page Trophy, but unfortunately it has been postponed indefmitely.
With so many members we are hopeful of including fencing in the School House Competitions. Already a trial competition has been held; Priory won the senior event, Park the junior event with Frith coming second in both events.
This term we have matches against Dane Court, The Junior Leaders Regiment and W estbrook
House Schoo1. J. SMITH (L. 6 J.)



Sailing Club
The Club, faced with the annual problem of what to do with its eleven year old 'Herons' decided to dispose of them in favour of something newer, but the decision was reversed when the Girls' Grammar School applied to join the boys for sailing and it was realised that we should want all the boats we could muster. Thanks to the girls' contributions pharos was re-decked, and Bitza given a new suit of sails as well as a major re-fit.
Still we should have been short of boats had not the Parents' Association generously provided a second Enterprise. This dinghy, previously the property of Lady Northbourne, was purchased favourably, thanks to her ladyship's interest in schoolboy sailing, and after extensive re-fit compared well with the more recently built school Enterprise, Miss Fytte.
Both of these dinghies are in far better fettle than similar school boats which we meet around the coast, and although many boys help to keep them so, special thanks must go to M. Limley for all his enthusiastic winter work.
P. Chambers (V. Capt.), R. Bruce and A. Mitchison devoted most of their winter time to training the newly enrolled girls in the theory of sailing, and well they did their job since all passed the Theory Test set at the end of the Spring Term.
All the dinghies were afloat immediately after the Easter hoJida ys and despite cold weather attendance at Saturday morning and Tuesday and Wednesday evening periods was good. J. Morris joined Chambers and Bruce and together these boys have taken a major share in instruction afloat. To encourage the Staff to get afloat the boys organised a 'Staff Race' early in the summer term, and after two postponements four nervous Staff helmsmen competed, three in Herons and one in an Enterprise. There was little to choose between the Herons in an hour's racing, but the Enterprise got away and saved her time on handicap to the delight of her helmsman, Mr. Large, who was even more delighted when he received a bottle of whisky as his first prize. (It should be noted that Sailing Captain, P. Brothwell, saiJing another Enterprise, kept well ahead after an indifferent start, but of
course is too young to appreciate whisky!) Mr. M. Bayley finished first of the Herons and also received liquid nerve tonic for his efforts. The sailing staff as a whole was most appreciative of the boys' initiative in staging the event and of organising it so well. Let us hope it encourages them to get afloat more often.
Serious racing has been very satisfactory and results to date are as foHows:
Enterprise Open Meeting, Maidstone3rdP. BrothweH/P. Chambers.
Long Distance Race, Sandwich3rdM. Linsley/(20 starters).
5th J. Cart/J. Etheridge.
River Stour Race, Sandwich7thM. Lindsley/(26 starters).
8th P. Chambers.
Match v. Maidstone Grammar SchoolSchool won. D.G.S. 20:1; M.G.S. 20.
Enterprise County Trial, 1st RoundI.M. Linsley/R. Bruce.
2. J. Aylen/J. Morris.
3. P. Brothwell/P. Chambers.
Handicap County Trial, FinalI.M. Linsley/R. Bruce.
4. P. Brothwell/P. Chambers.
R.c.P.Y.c. RegattaI.P. Brothwell/J. Morris.(Enterprise).
2. A. Mitchison/D. Hopper. (Handicap). As a result of the County Elimination Trials M. Lins]ey and R. Bruce will represent the County in the Schools' National Regatta at Berwick-on- Tweed at the end of July. In the various matches and County trials this year we have met a number of teams from similar schools to our own and can feel assured that we need fear nothing from their competition, but as the results show, first class helmsmanship is confined to very few boys and it must be our endeavour to speed up the instruction of newcomers to ensure a continuity of this high standard.
E.c.L.



Sports Day
This year's Sports Day was held on Saturday, 3rd June, a warm, hazy day. The occasion was well supported by parents, but the reluctance of senior boys to attend school at the week end kept numbers down.
Four new records were set up. The Pole Vault records in both age groups were broken as was the 13-15 Javelin. On Saturday, Skingle of Priory raised the 15-17 Discus record by 4 ft. 4 ins. to 135 ft. 4 ins. In the 880 yards, 13-15 age group, Oxenham of Frith lowered the record to 2 mins. 24.6 secs. The 13-15 age groups record for the 220 yds. was lowered to 25.0 secs. by Flood.
The House Competition was won by Park with 707 points, Priory were second with 695-_, then Frith with 677! and Astor with 606. The Over 17 Championship Cup was won by Bruce of Park with 63 points. The Rhodes Cup by the 15-17 age group was won by Warren, also of Park, with 59 points. Hopkins of Frith won the Junior Championship Cup with 64 points.
Soccer
An abundance of talent within the School has enabled our soccer teams to enjoy a highly
successful season.
Teamwork, rather than the efforts of particular individuals, enabled the U.12 Xl's wins to balance their losses. The U.13 XI improved as the season progressed, and the team was victorious in the Dover Schools' Under 13 Cup. The U.12 XI did not lose a match, thus winning the St. Mary's Cup. Although the record of the U.15 XI shows as many wins as defeats, it was a poor side, revealing a steadfast reluctance to case off bad habits. The considerable talents of some individuals were never built into a style appropriate to this age group. The worst aspect was the forward play. The team reached the final of the Hart Cup, however, but went down to Astor School after their most spirited performance of the season. By contrast the U.16 XI was a very good team. Their fluent, modern style sometimes gave away goals but was attractive to watch and obviously enjoyed by those who participated. The 2nd XI was resolute and intent upon winning, its members appreciating the finer points of the game without getting too closely involved in the niceties. whilst not as compact as the 1st XI they had more exercise and won 12 of their IS games. The 1st XI employed the 4 - 3 - 3
system, the success of which was proved by favourable results; only 3 matches were lost out of 21 played. For the first time the School entered teams in the Bromley Sixes competition. The 'A' team did exceptionally well, reaching the final which they were unlucky to lose.
Rugby
Although the U.13 XV lost only 2 of its 9 games the team had two failings. Possession was often gained from the set pieces but the backs invariably received the bal1 standing still and the forwards' ascendancy in the scrums and line-outs was neutralised by their poor showing in the loose. The U.14 XV was unbeaten, but its members, although individually able, seldom played together with any purpose. Against stronger opposition this would be fatal. Team spirit and hard work enabled the V.15 XV to win 7 of their 8 hard matches. The Captain, Wilcox was determined and inspiring, the forwards were vigorous, the backs were powerful and safe, but perhaps the key man was the sensible and steady Amos at scrum-half. The 2nd XV lost only I of their 7 games. The standard of rugby was usually good, but there were moments when it was difficult to decide what exactly was the object of the events taking place. The forwards laid the foundations for most of the victories, the threequarters never brilliant, never let the side down and behind them Williams at ful1back was always safe and courageous. Clarke at scrum-half was an excellent captain; he made good use of the possession gained by his forwards and his tactical kicking not only relieved many dangerous situations but also created many scoring chances for his team mates. The 1st XV played a total of 10 matches, of which 6 were won. Considering the number of injuries and absentees and the young age of the team this may be considered a good performance. The team played confidently and several members showed promise for the future. With the skill which is avialable, and at full strength, the 1st XV should offer strong opposition in the future.



Cricket
Brittle batting by the V. I2 XI was responsible for a succession of heavy defeats. The one success gained was the result of steady bowling backed up by good catching. The V.I3 XI by contrast enjoyed a good season because of their enthusiasm and determination. The V.I4 XI lost only one game (to a very fine Simon Langton side) and averaged 102 in each innings. The team worked well together considering that they lost at least one regular player per match owing to sickness or injury. The V.IS Xl's batting was always more impressive on the team sheet than on the field of play so that the responsibility for making runs fell heavily on the shoulders of C. Flood, Summers and Pickering. Bowling, too, was often erratic, but the main weakness was the lack of a 'real cricketer' able to 'read' a game. It was encouraging, though, that several players had never represented the School at cricket before this season. It was not a very successful season for the 2nd XI in that only 2 matches produced a result, and these were lost. Gorringe showed himself a capable batsman, and Garner and Shepherd provided the main attack. The I st XI had an up and down season, sometimes playing well, sometimes badly. It was essentially a bowling side. To be truthful the batting was very fragile and tended to rely on one or two batsmen who regularly made good scores.
Cross-Country
The School team did not have a very successful year losing all four of its matches. It was not until we had staged our own school race, the Powell Cup, that we discovered unknown talent, but by this time two matches had been lost decisively. Next year we hope to run our school race ear!y in the Autumn Term so as to exploit useful discoveries to form a formidable school team. We were only just beaten in our two post-Powell Cup races showing that we had the potential but not the necessary practice.
R. G. BRuCE.
Athletics
The School athletics teams competed in seven matches and individual athletes competed in the S.E. Kent and Kent Championships. In a match against the Duke of York's School and Simon Langton's School the senior team was placed second and the juniors last. In a seven-school match the following week the seniors were placed second and the juniors came first. The school team, however, was extremely small, and many events were covered by too few boys. Despite this handicap, the individual performances were good, especially that of C. Flood, an up-and-coming athlete.
The senior team defeated Manwood's, but the juniors lost, and the match againsc the Junior Leaders was abandoned, because of a downpour. Both the Third forms and the Second forms defeated Astor School in May, and in the S.E. Kent Championship, a non-team event, C. Flood, T. Warren and G. Harris were selected to represent S.E. Kent. In the Kent Schools' Championships G. Harris was 3rd in the Senior 220, T. Warren 2nd in the Intermediate Pole Vault, and C. Flood 1st in the Junior 220. In the Powell trophy the School was placed second, and came last in a triangular match against Chatham House and Dover College. -.'
Team: G. Harris, A. Chapman, D. Smith, R. Bruce, J. Dufldd, J. Clark,J. FIsher, P. Skmgle, W Batt

yB. Anderson, B. Summers.
.,G. HARRIS.



Basketball
There have been more games this season than ever before, and the standard of pia v has generall y
improved.
In House Matches, Astor seniors won all their games but their juniors lost them all, Frith, Park and Priory each winning two games. The play in House matches generally showed insufficient variation of tactics to meet different situations, but an average of 100 points per game indicated no lack of incident.
With a dearth of school sides in the area, our seniors again played most of their games in the East Kent League. They appeared as "pharosians", which included sundry members of staff and old boys. In division I, to which they had been newly promoted, they finished as equal runners-up, and they won Division III without losing a game.
J. R. Pond played his fourth season for the team, and J. Peall-probably the most skilful player produced by the school-his third. Both were members of the Kent team which played in the S.E. Area Inter-County Competition. Together with B. Anderson, they were also selected for the East Kent representative team.
Other team members were: J. Dennis, A. Grosse, P. Hall, K. Murton, G. Russell, R. Sandham,
P. Skingle and B. Summers. Dennis, Hall and Skingle were also members of the Under-16 side. The team promised well, being endowed with height, speed and ball handling skill, but in matches the players rarely found the fortn they had shown in practice, and the results were disappointing. The Under-IS's worked hard in practice and were improving all the time. Most of their matches
were unfortunately against older and taller sides, odds which they were unable to overcome. Team Records:
Played Won
Under 14's22
Under IS'S72
Under 16'sH6
2nds.21
pharosians3932
A.O.E.
Gymnastics
The junior house competition was dominated by Astor, B. Scott being the individual winner and other members of the team occupying four out of the next five places. Park were favourites for the senior competition, having a wealth of talent from v..hich to select their team, and they won by a clear margin. I. Luff again took the Pascal! Cup for the best individual.
In county competitions, the school teams were more successful than ever before. Results:
Kent Schools' Trampoline Competition
Senior team - 2nd.
(D. Dry, J. Edwards and 1. Luff)
Kent Schools' Vaulting and Agility Competition Junior team - 1st.
(A. Edwards, 1. Elder, P. Nash and D. Wilson) Senior team - 1St.
(J. Condon, J. Edwards and I. Luff)
A. Edwards, J. Edwards and D. Wilson were members of the Kent team which took part in the London & S.E. Area Championships, while J. Edwards and I. Luff have represented the county at trampolining on three occasions, twice in matches against Surrey and once in the National Championships. Each competition has provided them with a new incentive to improve their performance and kept them practising. They have now mastered some most complicated movements. The recent acquisition of a new championship type bed for the school trampoline should enable them to progress even further.
A.O.E.



House Notes
ASTOR
Although Astor did not have a successful year, the enthusiasm and achievements of the Lower School promise well for the future. Interest in the House Championship was almost non-existent among senior boys.
The House fared badly in cross-country and athletics, but the Astor Under 13's gained the highest number of standard points of their year. All the cricket teams managed to win at least one match, but again most success was achieved by junior boys. Of the soccer elevens, the Lower School teams lost only once, but the other elevens managed only to win one between them. Astor won the East Cup for U.14 football.
In the gym competition the juniors excelled, and Scott, Naylor and Twist must be congratulated for taking the first three places in their section, thus enabling Astor to finish first overall. The general trend was reversed in the basketball fixtures: the seniors won their games, the juniors lost each of their three matches.
The Middle School Pentathlons are always closely contested; in the three held this year, Astor finished 1st, 3rd and 4th.
So despite the lowly position in the House Championship, Astor did achieve some success this year, thanks mainly to the juniors. The seniors will have to devote more time and effort to House encounters if Astor is to improve its position. However, as the present juniors move up the school, it seems certain that Astor will move up the Championship table.
Finally I would like to thank Mr. Marriott and all other House masters for their support throughout the year.
P. M. ANDREWS.
FRITH
Last year's lapse into complacency and the inevitable loss of the House Challenge Shield appear to have had their effect. A greater effort this year has almost certainly put the old champions back into their customary position. With only one House cricket match to be played, against our close rivals Park, it seems that all that remains to be decided is just how close Park will be behind Frith. The final House Point totals will, however, be so close that a recount mav reveal Park as the true House Champions and not Frith.'
Although the House is in the happy position of expecting victory, not all our members can feel pleased wit h themselves. It has been a mixed year. Fine performances in Soccer, Cross-country and Basket)all have only just been enough to absorb disappointing results in Gymnastics, Athletics and Rugby. Whereas in past times the House has relied on a few very good individuals, this can no longer be tile case, since there is a lack of such people at present. This is evidenced by the Ath1etics result: Frith gained the greatest number of standard points, but a lack of real talent in the House was shown up on Sports Day and the third place which we gained was hardly surprising. Next year's must be a concerted (calli effort.
Whilst it is generally true that few notable individuals remain in the House, certain boys have performed beyond the call of normal duty and I would like to thank firstly, Fletcher, who was House Captain for most of the year and who was personally responsible for much of the House's success. McMahon, Bent and both the Oxenhams also deserve mention for their willingness to help out in times of difficulty. Thanks also go to those unrecognised athletes who bothered themselves to attend Standards.
Not all the credit goes to the boys in the House. I feel sure that the whole House will join me in thanking Mr. Jacques and the other House Masters, without whose co-ordinating assistance little could have been achieved.
G. H. A. FLOOD.



PARK
This year has shown that Park is well endowed with endeavour as well as skill. The soccer competition ended with us in second position level with Priory, and after adding the scores for basketball, Park were seen to be third in the House Championship at the end of the Autumn Term.
Rugby again provided us with a good boost to our points total, and a good performance by LufF in gymnastics gave us a well deserved second place after a close contest with Astor (1st) and Priory (3rd). Despite good running by Bruce and Sandham in the senior event, we could only achieve third place in cross-country, giving us overall second place in the Championship at the end of the Spring Term.
There being no swimming in this year's championship (an event in which we usually excel) we were left to fight out cricket and athletics with Frith. Thanks to splendid all round performances by Bruce, Flood and Harris, Park won the Athletics championship. The cricket championship was decided on a bumpy Leney one pitch when Frith 2nd XI beat our 2nd XI, and Frith went on to win the overall championship. We thank Harris for all he has done for the House, and hope that we can keep up the spirit which he created in the House, to reap the reward of next year's championship.
1. M. G. HARVEY. PRIORY
Once again when reflecting on the achievements of Priory House we must admit that with a httle more support and enthusiasm our position would have been more satisfactory. It was disappointing that for the second year running we were only narrowly beaten in the Athletic Sports. There were certainlv members of the House who could have obtained for us the few extra standard points required for _uccess.
In the cross-country we came second and in football also equal second. We were less successful in rugby, but there is obviously hope for the future since our third year XV won all their games. In cricket the second forms distinguished themselves by winning all their matches but unfortunately the results further up the House were less encouraging, although the 1st and 2nd XIs gave a good account of themselves in the circumstances.
In the middle school pentathlons after sharing the shield with Astor in one contest, we came third in the summer term but the margin between the first three Houses was extremely narrow. So our congratulations to the middle school for their efforts.
In conclusion we hope all members of Priory will give their full support to the House next year in all activities and ensure a greater measure of success than we have enjoyed this year.
P. R. GIBBS.
Result of House Championship
Astor Frith Park Priory
Soccer.. 21 52 38i 38t Baskerball ..14159J 2
Cross-country 16 35 23 26 Gymnastics. .28262719
Rugby.. 30 38 60 22 Athletics33384039
Cricket. .29t484329t
- - - I71! 252 240t 186
- - -



Parents' Association
Chairman: Mr. A. Friend, 56 Minnis Lane, River.
Hon. Treasllrer: Mr. D. Baker, "Northside," Eaves Road, Dover. Hon. Secretary: Mrs. B. Harrison, 87 Lewisham Road, River. Committee: Mrs. Court, Mrs. King, Mrs. Slaughter, Mr. Clark,
Mr. Davidson, Mr. Pearce, Mr. Totman.
School: Dr. l-linton, Mr. Walker, Mr. Payne, Miss Beets.
The main item of expenditure this year was £ 120 for the purchase of a second-hand Enterprise dinghy for the School Sailing Club. £20 was given to start a School Scout Group, and as usual the Association paid for the Public Address Equipment on Sports Day and gave a donation towards Speech Day Prizes and the School Film Club.
Social events held during the year were another successful May Ball, and an American Supper in July. A second-hand clothing stall proved popular on Parents' Evening as did the Tuck Shop on Sports Day, and light refreshments were served at various school functions.
Committee members will be very pleased to discuss any problems or suggestions brought to their notice, and hope parents wilJ make full use of the Association in this way, as well as supporting the vlTious activities undertaken during the year.
The Annual General meeting will be held at 7.15 p.m. on Thursday, 5th October.
B. E. HARR1SON,
HolI. Secretary.